| Hongxing Forestry Bureau in Xiaoxingan Mountain was the representative area of turf development owing to its smooth topography, wide valley, exuberant forest, abundant vegetation, cold climate and abundant surface water. The types of turfs in this area were complete including high position turf under larch and turf moss mound, low position turf under fenny herbaceous foliage and middle position turf in transitional regions.The paper studied the physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities of high, middle and low position turfs respectively based on the turf of Tanghong Mountain Forestry Centre of Hongxing Forestry Bureau. The results showed that this area has different types of high use value turfs that is infrequent in other areas. This type of turf has the characteristics of deep turf bed, high content of organic matter, low content of ash, small bulk density, good capability of absorbing and holding water.The content of organic matter in high position turf was the highest and that in low position turf was the lowest, and the average content in high, middle and low position turf was 72.79% > 53.69% and 44.34% respectively; While, the content of ash of turf were the order of low position >middle position > high position, and the average content of ash in low, middle and high position turf was 55.60%,46.31%, 27.10% respectively. The turf has high contents of N, K, Fe, Ca ,Mg and Mn and low content of P and Cu, but P content was higher than that in common soils. The distribution of Zn was uneven. The results were as following: The content of available N were in the order of low position>middleposition>high position, and the average content of available N in low, middle and high position was 1.57 × 103ug/g, 1.55 × 103ug/g,1.43 × 103ug/g respectively, while, the content of total N in high position turf was the highest, and the average content of total N in high, middle and low position was 1.27%,1.25%,1.10% respectively. The content of available P were in the order of high position >low position > in middle position, and the average content hi high, low and middle position was 87.63 ug/g, 79.53 ug/g,49.43 ug/g respectively. Total P content in low position turf was the highest, and the average content of total P in low, high and middle position turf was 0.184%,0.122%,0.118% respectively. In high position turf, the content of available K was highest, and the average content of available K hi high, middle and low position was 651.58 ug/g,499.50 ug/g,328.24 ug/g, while the average content of total K in low, middle and high position was 2.24%, 1.42%,0.85% respectively. In physical properties of turf, bulk density of low position turf was the highest, and average bulk density of low, middle and high position turf was0.2829g/cm3,0.1717 g/cm3,0.1342 g/cm3. The saturated capacity in high position turf was the highest, and that in high, middle and low position turf was 1010.94%, 668.79%, 393.29% respectively. The change trend of capillary capacity, field capacity, non-capillary porosity, total porosity and low limit of optimal water content were the same, all in high position were the highest. The capillary porosity of turf were in the order of lowposition >middle > high position.The activities of enzymes of soil can be used to evaluate the soil fertility because soil enzymes have important actions in transformation of organic carbon, N and P in soil. The paper studied systemically and fully the contents and distribution of peroxidase, catalase, sucrase polyphenol oxidase, amylase and urease in high, middle and low position turf respectively. The results showed that the enzymes activities decreased with increasing the turf depth. The content and activities of enzymes in surface were the highest. The contents of organic matter and N and P were positively correlated with activities of urease and sucrase and amylase and negatively correlated with activities of polyphenoloxidase. The positive correlation of the contents of organic matter, N and P and activities of catalase and p...
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