Study On Mutagenic Effects Of The Combined Treatments With ～(60)Co-γ Ray And HNO₂ On The Peppers (Capsicum Annuum L.)

Dry seeds of 3 varieties of peppers were treated with 60Co-gamma rays, HNO2 and their combination. The basic scheme of the study adopted the design of four levels under two factors. In M1, the biological injuries of the root length, the germination viability, the germination rate at last and the rate of survival plant were studied, In M2, the mutation effects of the plant height, the flowering stage, the No. of fruits per. plant and the No. of lateral branches per. plant were studied, at the same time, correlation coefficient between injury effects in M1 and mutation effects in M1 were analyzed. The results showed that:1. In experimental dosages, the biological injuries of M1 increased with the increase of gamma-ray doses and the treating time of HNO2, but the mutation frequencies of M2 did not increased, they showed paraboloid shape and had peak value. Combination treatments with γ-ray and HNO2 were more effective than single treatment for the biological injuries in M1 and the mutation frequency in M2.2. Combinating treatments with γ-ray and HNO2, in M1, the independent effect was observed on root length, the synergistic effect was observed on the rate of survival plant, but they affected the final germination rate very little.3. 63%-28% of root length in M1 could be used for predicting effect in M2 under the better combined treatment, 54% of root length in M1 could be used for predicting effect in M2 under the best combined treatment for the flowering stage, the plant height, the No. of fruits per plant, the No. of lateral branches per. plant. 30% of root length in M1 could be used for predicting effect in M2 under the best one for chlorophyll-reduced mutants.4. Analyzing mutagenic effect of the chlorophyll-reduced mutation, the flowering stage, the plant height, the No. of fruits per plant, the No. of lateral branches per. plant in M2, the results showed that: the Combination treatments of 30(1×10)Gy+60min [the treatment of 30(1×10)Gy 60Co-gamma ray and 70min (0.05mol/L) HNO2], 30(1×10)Gy+70min, 30(1×10)Gy+80min, 70(1×10)Gy+60 min were suitable for inducing mutation; the treatment of 30 (1×10)Gy+80min was the best one for mutation of the flowering stage, the plant height, the No. of fruits per plant, the No. of lateral branches per. Plant in M2; the treatment of 70(1×10)Gy+60min was the best one for the chlorophyll-reduced mutation.5. Single and combination treatments with γ-ray and HNO2 to dry seeds of peppers, the biological injuries still retained on the plant height, the No. of fruits per. plant, the flowering stage and the No. of lateral branches per. plant in M2.6. In M1, the plant height, the germination viability and the rate of survival plant had significant relationship. But the germination viability and the rate of survival of M1 were not related to the mutation frequencies of the plant height and the No. of fruits per. plant of M2. The germination viability and the rate of survival plant could not be used for predicting the mutagenic effect of the plant height and the No. of fruits per. plant of M2.7. Different varieties showed different mutation sensitivity. Studied the mutation frequencies of the chlorophyll-reduced mutation, the flowering stage, the plant height, the No. of fruits per plant, the No. of lateral branches per. plant in M2, 2034 was the most sensitivity, second was 2032, the last one was 2017.