The Genetic Mechanism Study On Alfalfa Luring Honey Bee's Pollination

Alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) is a very important forage in the development of agriculture and stock in the world. It is a plant of allogamy and its pollination relies on honey bee mainly, honey bee visiting was influenced by its genetics and environment. For the time being, domestic research had being focused on observation of pollination, haven't reached to molecular level yet. 10 lucerne varieties were used in the study, research mainly focused on floral feature, such as receptacle diameter, corolla length, nectar volume and components of sugar, natural honey bee visitation and seed yield. Mean while, random amplified polymorphic DNA and isoenzyme technology were used to study the genetic diversity of different varieties' floral characteristics. The results showed that:(1) Lucerne nectar production was positively correlated with honey bee visitation (r=0.9299**), honey bee visitation and seed production were positively correlated either (r=0.8716*).(2) Lucerne nectar production was reflected directly by Receptacle diameter.(3)Honey bee scent and vision was the most important factor that affected the honey bee visitation difference between varieties, followed by floral size, nectar volume, and floral color.(4)Honeybee visitation was the key factor that decided the seed yield of Lucerne, followed by variety characteristics.(5)In the same environment, honey bee visitation was decided by Lucerne genetics, ie, its gene and performance.(6)As a kind of special protein, isoenzyme's production and express was not only controlled by gene, its function was affected by environment inside and outside the cell, plant phenology etc. it's impossible to get invariable express in same variety or tissue, but the variety difference was testable under same stage and methods using isoenzyme electrophoresis technology. 10 lucerne varieties were divided into three categories by isoenzyme marker: LI73 and Ladak; Prime, Algonguin and shanbei; WL323,Defa, Sanditi, Derby and Sitel.(7)Genetic diversity of alfalfa was studied using RAPD. Amplification of 10 random primers detected 132 amplified fragments of which 102 bands(76.52%) were polymorphic. Amplification of these 10 primers highlighted 2-13 bands. 10 lucerne varieties were divided into three categories by RAPD marker: shanbei; Ladak, WL323, Defa and Algonguin; Sanditi, Derby, Prime, Sitel and LI73. Relationships between the 10 alfalfa revealed by RAPD markers and isoenzyme marker are similar, and there are also some exceptions.(8) It is feasible to study different lucerne varieties' effects on honey bee visitation by RAPD marker and isoenzyme marker.