| The research advance, fertilization technology and application of carbon dioxide were discussed in this paper. The fertilization of carbon dioxide can enhance photosynthesis, inhibit respiration, reduce transpiration, promote growth and increase the quantity of organic matters inside the plants. In practice, it can promote the growth and development of crops in the greenhouse, their yield, the product quality and disease resistance.According to the past research results of our group, two plastic greenhouses with the same area (96m2) were placed in parallel on the farmland with the same soil characteristics. New carbon dioxide provision facilities were installed in one greenhouse; another was used as a check. The materials for trial were lettuces, Chinese cabbages, eggplants and strawberries. The results were as follows:1. The carbon dioxide produced by the ferment facilities could remain the high carbon dioxide content longer for the photosynthesis of vegetables in the greenhouse. The intensity of carbon dioxide was relative to the facilities' temperature. When the temperature was about 60℃, the content of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse was above 1600ppmv all day. When the temperature was about 50℃, the carbon dioxide was 230-240ppmv. When the temperature was about 40℃, there was a lack of carbon dioxide, so the materials should be replaced.2. Compared with the check, the carbon dioxide provided by the facilities made the thickness of the strawberry leaves (ten leaves) increase by 0.75cm and increased 29.18% more than that of the check; that of lettuces was respectively 0.67cm and 27.35%; that of eggplants was 0.63cm and 13.15%; that of Chinese cabbages was 0.36cm and 6.78%.The height of eggplants increased 4.20% more than that of the check, the stem above the ground 20cm increased by 4.04% in width, the leaf increased by 7.62% in length and 10.76% in width, the fructification increased by 9.41% in weight. The leafnumber of strawberries increased by 28.33%, the plant outspread increased by 6.96% and the largest leaf increased by 6.52% in length, 9.72% in width. The longest root branch of each plant increased by 30.14%, the root branch number evidently increased. The average weight of fructification increased by 8.45% and the sugar content increased by 5.1%.The average weight of each Chinese cabbage increased by 26.22% and that of the lettuce was 50.09%. The yield of all the vegetables increased by 12.89-47.59%.The content of Vitamin C in Chinese cabbages and lettuces evidently increased, the increase was respectively 39.79% and 46.55%. The nitrate content respectively declined by 53.9% and 45.84%.3. The carbon dioxide provided by the facilities made the cash income remarkably increased. The net income of strawberries was 10544.25 Yuan per hectare; that of eggplants was 6625.05 Yuan per hectare; that of lettuces and cabbages was respectively 5979.75 and 1621.2 Yuan per hectare.At last, the author analyzed the difficulties of application of carbon dioxide fertilization technology and introduced the advantage of the facilities. The facilities were suitable for the greenhouse planting which was dispersed and small-scale farm production. It can overcome the disadvantages of high cost, inconvenient material sources and complex operation. The facilities had a great potential for extension. The key technology for the new facilities extension was also referred to. The extension approaches were discussed, too. |
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