Study On Bioative Compounds Production By Submerged Fermentation Of Ganoderma Sp.

Polysaccharides and triterpenes are main bioactive compounds of Ganoderma sp..There are two ways to obtain these bioactive compounds. One is to extracte bioactive compounds from fruitingbodys, the other is to obtain them from the fermentation products. But the quality of fruitingbody isn't stable which is easy to be affected by environmental conditions and the cycle culture time of fruitingbodys needs several months. The quality of fermentation product can be controlled by controlling the fermentation conditions and the cycle culture time is short.Strains for high yield of intracellular polysaccharide - G21, G7 and intracellular triterpenes - GL31 were screened out. The fermentation conditions of these strains are optimized according to the object products and the metabolic laws of these strains are also investigated; This thesis shows the correlation between intracellular triterpenes from different stage mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum and the inhibition effect on the tumor cells by HPLC analysis and cell model in vitro, and optimized fermentation method and fermentation time for high yield of the effective intracellular triterpenes; We also obtain the effective method to prepare the seeds for fermentation; The bioactive compounds of mycelia and those of corresponding fruitingbody were firstly compared on the content, HPLC curve and bioactivity on the cell model in vitro, to ensure whether the fruitingbody can be substitued by mycelia or not.It is difficult to obtain the strain simultaneously for high production of intracellular polysaccharide, intracellular triterpenes and extracellular polysaccharide.There is no direct correlation between growth rate on the solid medium and the biomass in the liquid culture. The highest yield of intracellular polysaccharide for G21 is 0.288g/100ml.The highest yield of intracellular polysaccharide for G7 is 0.533g/100ml.The highest yield of total intracellular triterpenes for GL31 is 41.5mg/100ml and the yield of total intracellular triterpenes for GL31 at the optimum culture time using shaking flask culture method is 35.1mg/100ml.It is good for improving total intracellular triterpenes using static culturemethod after cultured some time in shaking flask, and the highest yield of total intracellular triterpenes is up to 49.1 mg/100ml. We also optimized the fermentation conditions for G21 in 3L vessel.According to the metabolic curves, it is found that intracellular polysaccharide is primary metabolites, intracellular triterpene is secondary metabolites, and extracellular polysaccharide can only be harvested in the later period. The yield of total extracellular triterpenes is very low,only one third of the yield of total intracellular triterpenes.Thus, it is of more importance to study the fermention for producing intracellular polysaccharide and intracellular triterpenes than to study the fermentation for producing extracellular polysaccharide and extracellular triterpenes. The pH curves are different from different strains, but pH 4.0 can be the harvesting indication for some fermentation product. We also can find it is difficult to obtain the strain simultaneous for high yield of different fermentation products .The reason is that those products are mainly synthesized in different period.Correlation between intracellular triterpenes from mycelia grown for different time of Ganoderma lucidum and inhibition effect on tumor cells shows the intracellular triterpenes of mycelia grown for different time vary in types, quantity, and relative proportion. It was also found that the height of six peaks was positively correlated to inhibition rate. The height of two peaks was negatively correlated to inhibition rate. The optimum culture method is the style of shaking flask culture and optimum culture time is 132 hours according to the object product-the effective intracellular triterpenes.The study shows that the method transferring the seed from generation to generation is good for obtaining pellet with suitable morphology to absolutely consume the medium nutrition. The...