Screening And Study On Beneficial Microorganisms In Several Edible Fungi Fermentation Composts

There are many microbe communities involving in the composting process of edible fungi. Most of microbes are bacteria, actinomyces and fungi, the former two are playing the most important roles in the mature process of compost . At the same time, the compost is a very special ecological environment, the temperature can be high, sometimes even above 80C (during the fermentation process of cotton seed hull compost). So kinds of thermophile can be found in the compost.This study got samples from several compsts of edible fungi at the different courses and temperature, and isolate three kinds of microbe(bacteria, actinomyces and fungi) under different treatments between 60C and 80 C, get thermophiles (most of them are bacteria and actinomyces),compare the changes of microbes and the different quanity of thermophiles and the mesophilies.The results showed that there are three courses (the temperature rising, the high temperature and the temperature dropping) in all the composts. The kinds of microbes are changes regularly, and the bacteria is the dominant group in the whole process of the compost at both normal and high temperature. Most of thermophiles can live in a fairly aboard temperature profile, the bacteria could tolerate higher temperature(80C). The actinomyces grow faster at high temperature than at low. Both actinomyces and bacteria could utilize CMC, starch, protein medium at high temperature, the ability of decomposing organism is obvious. But the inhibition activity of actinomyces to the growth of some harmful microorganisms under normal temperature(30C) is stronger than that under the higher temperature(50C). This phenomenon indicates that the actinomyces may not produce antibiotics at high temperature. Now we have gottten several actinomyces which show activity to some pathogenic G+ G- and fungi(eg: Xanthomonas oryzcte, Staphylococcus aureaus, Botrytis cinerea).Experiment results indicated that nutrients and ventilation statation of compost affected the varieties and quanity of microorganism in compost to some degree.The nutrients of compost is more complex and the varieties of microorganism is more plentiful. Ventilation statation of of compost is related with the quality of material,the compost is more loose, the ventilation is better, and the activity of microorganism is more vigorous.Through orthogonal test, the optimal liquid medium was corroborated , in which the actinomyces can show stronger bio-activation in the liquid medium than before in the laboratory.So further researches will be go on in order to apply the isolated strains to control the harmful microbes in the production of edible mushroom. At the same time, the beneficial microorganisms also can be used in many other domains...