Studies On Yield And Quality Under The Different Seeding Rate And Nitrogen Application Regimes In Winter Wheat

The experiments were carried out on the farm of Anhui Agricultural University from 2002 to 2003. Grain yield and quality under different seeding rate and nitrogen application regimes in winter wheat with different types of grain quality. The result showed that different seeding rates and nitrogen applications significantly affected grain yield and quality.1 Effects of seeding rate on grain yield and qualitySeeding rate significantly affected grain yield and its components of different protein content wheat. Variance in yield was extremely significant between seeding rates. With increasing seeding rate , percentage of culms and tillers and grains per ear decreased ,average filling rate gradually decreased and filling duration was shortened,and hence grains weight decreased. The effect of different densities on grain quality was also significant. With decreasing density, protein content and wet gluten content decreased, while grain starch content increased.2 Effects of seeding rates on population qualityPopulation quality was correlated to seeding rates. With increasing seeding rate, population quality gradually decreased. The result showed that: plant height increased but resistance to lodging decreased when seeding rates increased. At the same time, the number of culms and tillers increased while percentage of eared culms and tillers became lower. LAI quickly decreased after anthesis and chlorophyll content of functional leaves was low. Leaves prematurely died after their photosynthetic ability decreased. Transport and transform of soluble sugar in culms,leaves and grains was retarded.3.Effects of nitrogen application on grain yield and quality of wheat Application rate of nitrogen fertilizer was in relation of quadric curved lines with grain yield and grain protein content. The results also showed that gliadin and glutenin contents of grain, and ratio of glutenin to gliadin in grain were improved by increasing nitrogen fertilizer applied. As a result, gluten content, the dough stable period and extensibility were increased. There existed significant differences between cultivars used. Wanmai 44 was relatively retarding to nitrogen application and its grain quality stable, but quality of Jinan17 was significantly improved by nitrogen application. Grain yield and quality were improved when nitrogen fertilizer was applied before sowing and at jointing and booting stage. With more nitrogen applied after jointing stage, the nutritional and processing quality of grain were improved significantly.