The Study On The Changing Of Micro-Morphological Characters In The Process Of Erosion Soil In Slope

In the half century, the problem on land resource environment, along with the fast growing population and the rapid development of social economy, has became one of global problems on population, resource, environment and development which have attracted the whole world's attention. The traditional study on soil erosion is macroscopical and is lack of the support of microcosmic theory and data. The study on variation law of character index of micro-morphology in the mountainous area's complex landform is going along in microcosmic aspect with the combination of soil micro-morphology and Geographic Information System. This study is important to study the styles of soil erosion in mountainous area, establish the system of strength indices and study the prevention and cure of soil erosion in mountainous area. The study adopts the combination of macroscopical and microcosmic methods by using GIS and fractal theory. Macroscopical method is simulative analysis of digital elevation model and microcosmic method adopts observation of micro-morphology with the help of analysis of physical and chemical characteristics. Taking the slope in ErLang Valley CuLai Mountain as example, the study is about the variation law of slope erosion types, intension and characteristics of micro-morphology, and the emphases is the study on fractal characteristics of soil pores. The conclusions:(1) There are obvious differences of soil erosion types and intension in different place of slope. From above to below, the erosion types ordinally are sheet erosion, gravitational erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, sediment. The soil erosion mode in this area takes on distinct characteristics of vertical zoning. Different slope directions put up different erosion intension and different changing range of slope degree result in different soil erosion types. (2) From the results of the study on micro-morphology characteristics, we can find that from the top and middle part in slope to the bottom soil micro-morphology characteristics such as soil matrix, formations in soil, soil microstructure, soil pore and skeleton grains that possess some variation law according to the types of soil erosion's happening course. (3)Pole distributing in soil is a kind of fractal structure. Fractal dimension and figure indices can be regarded as quantitative indices to describe the characters of pole structure.And there is a close relation between the fractal dimension of pole distributing in soil and erosion evolvement. (4) Differing from the traditionally classified by 0.01mm, the experiments indicate that the division of grains changing is 0.25mm. This result makes out that the grains which diameters are longer than 0.25mm are difficult to be eroded by water, and whereas, the other grains are easily to be losing.