Study On The Pathology Of Vitamin E Deficiency In Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio

The pathology and hematology of vitamin E deficiency in common carp {cyprinus carpio) were studied. Juvenile carp weighing about 60g were fed a purified diet supplemented with vitamin E with 0, 25, 50 or 100mg/kg respectively for 20 weeks. The morbidity and mortality were respectively 47.5%, 22.5%, 10.0%,0 and 22.5%,12.5%,5.0%,0.The fish fed vitamin E deficient diet exhibited "thin back disease", lordosis and exudative diathesis with exophthalmus, scale erection and ascites. Examination of gross changes showed skeletal muscular dystrophy, especially in both sides of the back, the thickness compare with the control group was only 1/4~1/2 ; The red muscle in body sides became white muscle; The liver was swollen with yellow color or blue color in last stage; The heat was enlargement with hemorrhage in epicardium; The kidney was swollen with hyperemia and hemorrhage; The sexual gland showed gonadal dysplasia, the weight and volume of sexual gland compare with the control group were decreased. The examination of histopathological changes showed nutritional muscular dystrophy, hepatosis dietetica, gonadal dysplasia , degeneration and necrosis of pancreas. The skeletal muscles showed degeneration and necrosis, infiltration with lymphocytes and monocytes, proliferation of'many connective tissue and dystrophy of survival muscle fibers; The cardiac muscles showed degeneration and hemorrhage; The liver showed degeneration, necrosis and many yellow or brown-yellow ceroidlike dense bodies in liver cells; The pancreas showed degeneration and necrosis; The kidney showed enlargment of glomerulus, degeneration in renal tubular epithelial cells; The spermary showed the quantities reduce of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte and spermatid; The ovary showed the quantities decreased of follicle, primary follicle, growing follicleand mature follicle. Ultrastructurally, the mitochondria of the cardiac muscle cells, the liver cells and renal tubular epithelial cells showed swollen with disintegration and lysis of caritas; the rough endoplasmic reticulum were enlargment with desquamation of ribosome; the karyotheca of skeletal muscle cells appeared broadening and the nuclears showed distortion with reduced electron density; the glycogen appeared in the mitochondria of the cardiac muscle cells, and the quantities of glycogen were significantly reduced in the sarcoplasm. Hematologically, the Hb concentration and the RBC numbers were dropped; the plasma SOD activity and the plasma vitamin E concentration were decreased; the plasma MDA concentration were raised, but the plasma GSH-px activity had no changes.