Study On Ecological Logging And Regeneration Techniques For Spruce-Fir Forests In Changbai Mountain

The forestry is going through a course changed to "ecological mode" from "production mode". How to reduce negative impact on ecological environment, and how to regulate techniques of logging and regeneration are turned into a focus gradually.This paper took spruce-fir forests in over-logged forest region of Changbai Mountain as research object, adopted qualitative and quantitative research approaches, and then analysed environmental impact on regeneration, remained trees, soil, vegetation and so on caused by operations. According to the practice in Wangqing Forestry Bureau, the paper summed up reduced environmental impact techniques. The results were as follows: management selective cutting with low intensity(less than 30%), log skidding by animal, slash disposal with piles, keeping fallen and standing dead trees and natural regeneration. The paper combined research results with mature operation techniques, referred to international and national regulations ,and then proposed ecological logging and regeneration techniques and relevant requirements suitable for spruce-fir forests in Changbai Mountain. The paper put forward to set no cutting area and buffer area, protect forest region with high conversation value, develop environmental impact assessment during operation, emphasize to reduce breakage on environment and use forest resources well. The paper also made out some requirements on utilization and management of chemicals and rejected matters, safety and sanitation of workers, interests of stakeholders, monitoring and supervision on operations. In a word, this technique system contains the principles of ecology with priority and people first. And it is scientific and can be operated.The results indicated that according to ecological techniques, operations could reduce impact on environment, maintain the productivity of spruce-fir forests for a long time, consequently meet many requirements of environmental protection, economic output and social benefit and accelerate sustainable forest mangement at operation level finally.This research can be as reference for spruce-fir forests mangement in Changbai Mountain, and for operations of most forest types in natural forest region of Northeastern China.