| Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is hydrophytic perennial vegetable, originated from India and China, it is widely planted, and is one of the important export vegetables in China.Lotus root is mostly propagated by asexual measure and has low propagationcoefficient, Virus easily infects and accumulates in it by that breeding measure, which results in idioplasmatic degeneration, and influences the yield and quality. For example, stiff lotus is found recently in Jiangsu province , and it has become a great obstacle for the production. Nowadays,questions about detoxification, idioplasmatic degeneration and low propagation coefficient have been resolved by tissue culture for many plants propagated by asexual measure. The successful technology of detoxification and tissue culture has already been reported, but there are few studies about lotus in the field of the shoot-tip culture. In order to resolve these problems and optimize the shoot-tip multiplication system. Effect of sucrose concentrations, temperature, light quality on growth of lotus plantlet were studies in this experiment. After that ,we have a try to find the way to reduce the costs of the culture as well. The results showed that the best culture conditions which is suitable for lotus plantlets and a economical way to culture lotus plantlets.1. Effect of sucrose concentrations on the growth of lotus plantlet were studied . The results showed that: when the sucrose concentrations was 5% in the culture medium, lotus plantlets were strongest, it's stalk was thickest than others, and there were most nodes in them. After 30 days' culture, reproduction coefficient of lotus reached 4.6, the content of Chl.a was 2.05mg/g and the content of Chl.b was 0.43mg/g. photosynthesis power was 197.9 μ molO2dm-2h-1. There were the same rule about the changing of content of Dissoluble sugar and Glucose in the lotus plantlets, them both reached the maximum(3.2%,9.9%) when the sucrose concentrations was 7% in the culture medium. The changing of the content of Fructose, Surcose and Starch have the different rule, when the sucrose concentrations was 3% in the culture medium, them were only the minimum (1.7%, 1.0%, 3.9%), but them reach the maximum (4.2%,1.8%,5.7%) when the sucrose concentrations was 3%. The content of Glucose was more than Fructose all along.2. Effect of temperature on high-efficient proliferation system of lotus plantlets was studied. The results showed that temperature influence lotus plantlet greatly. Lotus plantlet grow fastest at 30 ℃ and slowest at 18℃. But at 24 ℃,lotus plantlet grow best, they had ample roots, leaves, stalks as well. After 30 days' culture, lotus plantlet's weight was 5.7g, and the propagation coefficient was 4.6, it's dry weight content reach the maximum (15.8%) while it was 12.7% at 30℃ and 13.5% at 18℃.3. Effect of light quality on high-efficient proliferation system of lotus plantlet were studied. The results showed that: Under red light lotus plantlet growed best and had the best proliferative effects and the quality of the plantlets in virto was the best than other treats. After 30 days' culture, lotus plantlet's weight was 6.2g, and the propagation coefficient was 4.8. Under blue light, the plantlet's dry weight content was the maximum (18.7%), but it's fresh weight was 77.4% of the plantlet under red light. Yellow light and green light proved to be disadvantageous to culture lotus plantlet, their fresh weight were only 4.1g and 3.6g, their propagation coefficient are only 3.5 and 2.4. The lotus plantlet growed worst under dark, it's fresh weight was only 2.0g.4.In order to inquire the costs reduction of lotus root plantlet in virto, we used tap water, sugar to do this experiment. Through research and discussion of the culture medium state and composition, we found that there were no difference between tap water with MS and distilled water with 1/2 MS, between sugar and sucrose on the shoot and proliferation of lotus. So we can replace sucrose with commonly white sugar, replace distilled water with tap water to culture the plantlet. At the... |
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