| Based on two hybrid maize groups (196 and Ji 63, 2002-2- F and 2000-1- M) and their hybrids —F1, F2, backcross B1 which from crossed with female parent, backcross B2 crossed with male parent, total six generations, 12 materials, gene effect and batter-parent heterosis of these characters were analyzed though investigating to 8 main agriculture characters; and extracted DNA from two parents and F1 , the genetic diversity of the parents had been marked by RAPD marker and AFLP marker, try to find the relativity of the heterosis and genetic polymorphism, it can provided the valid reference for the selecting of molecule marker of maize heterosis. The result showed: ①more than 50 percent genetic variance of the 8 agronomic characters were decided by the additive effect which is the main genetic factor in this study, the max was 90.94%, the min was 60.13%. dominant effect on the plant height, ear location, number of leaves, average width of leaves above ear and the yield of individual plant evidently in two groups; it was showed, dominant effect was very important to the genetic variance of the maize. ②Genetic variety of the two groups had been analyzed by RAPD marker and AFLP marker, the result showed that two kinds of methods all indicted that the genetic distance of group 2 was bigger than that in group 1, as above mentioned : group 2 should attain more stronger heterosis. ③The analysis of variance and batter-parent heterosis of two groups indicated: genetic difference between the parents of group1 was not obvious, so its hybrids F1 has not stronger heterosis . yield superiority of F1 of the group 2 performed obviously on the ear. genetic difference between the parents of group2 was obvious, it showed stronger heterosis on the ear, so indicated yield superiority of the hybrids. This result was accordance with of marker method.
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