| The C.V. Jonagold in vitro leaves of apple triploid is used as ourexperimental materials. Using two-step culture method on in vitro leaves, theperfect regeneration system for Jonagold has been established and therelationship between hormone and the regeneration of callus was proved. Onthe basis of which, The callus reaction to different mutation methods (highconcentration of hormone, (60)Co radiation and colchicum) were studied andthe treated callus'growth and regeneration ability was determined, as well asthe shape and prosperities of regenerative plants. The mutation degree ofregenerative plants was studied from different angles (appearance,salt-tolerance, hot-tolerance and molecular level). Furthermore, the plantswith perfect resistance had got. The main results are as follows:1.The new theory of tissue culture method by two steps on shootregeneration of leaves of apple was advanced for the first time in this paper.And an adventitious shoot regeneration system for apple cv. Jonagold hasbeen established by it, which has based on the induced mutation breeding intissue. In this experiment, the marked effect of BA to regeneration ofexplants has been proved. And it was obvious that IAA influenced thedevelopment of shoots. 2,4-D stimulated Callus formation and production,influenced the trend of regeneration of Callus or shoot. The most optimalmedium for Callus was MS+BA1.0 mg﹒L-1+IAA0.2 mg﹒L-1+2,4-D 0.8mg﹒L-1, and for shoots was MS+BA4.0 mg﹒L-1+IAA0.2 mg﹒L-1, thehighest frequency was 100%. The regenerative shoots have gained after darkculture for one month.2.(60)Coradial, colchicum and different kinds and concentration hormoneswere used to manage callus to mutate and to study the effect on regenerationof apple explants. Data showed that 60Coγradial and colchicum couldcaused too much death of explants and shoots to attain efficiencyregeneration. The decent radiation intensity of 60Coγwas 2400R; Theconcentration of colchicum was 0.5% and the best time was 28h. But impactof high consistency hormones was better than low one, and the mutationrates in appearance could reach 50% with a rather low death rate. Highconcentration of hormone can produce a high frequency of mutation, and the... |
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