The Study On Technical System Of Cultivation About Gain Yield And High Quality Of Watermelon In The Sandy Land Of Luxibei Area

Direct against the climate in the Northwest of Shandong Province and agricultural production characteristic of the sandy land, we developed lots of work centering on the high yield and high quality of watermelon in this area firmly, and the results are as fellow: 1.Screening 20 varieties suitable for popularizing and planting in the Northwest of Shandong Province.Such as:LuQing1B, HeiMoYu , TeDaQingHongBao , NongFa2, JuGuan , HeiJiangJun , JuChengHeiWangZi, NongFa1 , HeiMi2 , HeiMi5 , HeiBaWang , HuangHe5 , HeiXuanFeng , HeiBa , JuChengHeiGuan , KaiZha12, P₂, HeiKui, KaiZha2, QiHong, Among them LuQing1B, HeiMoYu , TeDaQingHongBao , JuGuan , HeiJiangJun , JuCheng HeiWangZi, QiHong are the main varieties for planting,and the others 13 are assistant varieties.If we take rational agricultural planting measures to the above varieties, the yield can reach 4000 kg/667 m², the sugar content can be more than 10.5%, and the favor is fragrant and sweet. So these varieties attain the ten high yield and high quality standards for the sandy land in the Northwest of Shandong. 2. Discuss the unisonous management that use light as main factors and at the same time ajust the temperature and humidity for fostering watermelon seedling. Also we developed a new "warm wind stove using in the green house" which has gained the country patent. This stove separates the flue and sirocco way completely. The heat is absorbed by the stove many times through the circulation three times. This method improves the rate of heat by 13.9%(the rate of heat using of usual stove is 72% compared with 82%of the green house stove), and it decrease the temperature of the discharged heat, increase the rate of equilibrium and rate of healthyseedlingJ.Have definited the effect of increasing production of engrafted seedling and the effect of blight-resistant, improved the taches of graft. It prove that graft seedling by calabash HuGua and cushaw as bickiron, compared with normal seeding, can harvest 3835.3-4012.0Kg/667m2, while harvest of normal watermelon seedling is only 2524.6-3008.2Kg/667m2, production increase up to 27.5%-58.9%. Ability of graft seedling resistance to blight can reach 100%, while the ability of normal watermelon seedling only reached 82.1%.In the case of interval plot, graft seedling by calabaslu HuGua and cushaw as bickiron ,compared with normal seeding,every output respectively increase by 33.4% ,31.0%and 27.5%,per weight respectively improve byl4.6%,14.6%,12.9%; Compared with the normal seedings of sequent plot, respectively improve by 58.9%, 56.1%and51.9%, per weight respectively improve by 24.6%, 24.6% and 22.6%. In addition, per output of normal watermelon seedling compared with sequent plot improved by 19.2%. Single weight improve by 8.7%, which we should try to avoid. 4. Have defined the amount of applying fertilizer and methods of applying fertilizer^ (periods) under the high yield and high quality of watermelon. The amount of the applying fertilizer of watermelon Suitable for the northwest sand ground Shandong Province:organic fertilerl500kg/667m2, N12.0kg/667m2, P2O58.0kg/667m2, K2O14.0kg/667m2.The concrete applied methods: all the organic fertilizer and half of fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, the other half of fertilizer is used as later fertilizer.5. Have discussed the suitable pouring water amount and the suitable period of pouring water in the northwest sand ground watermelon in LuXiBei of Shandong Province. The reasonable pouring water amount and methods of pouring water in a usual year: 175m3/667m2 water, 5 times. (Increase and decrease according" to the" circumstances). The periods of pouring water :TuanKe stage , ChouMan stage, pouring water one time when the watermelon reaches as the fist, pouring water twice in succession every seven days afterwards. 6. Havediscusssed the rational node that can increase melon weight. Generally, choose 18-20 nodes and leave over the small melon, every melon can achieve to 6.75 kg on everage, Single melon weigt is raised by 77.6% than 30-32 nodes, single melon weigt is raised by 33.7% than 12-14 nodes. 7.Two high-efficient hebicides are screened and they are butachlor> metolachlor,the result can up to 95.7-96.3%. 8.Have defined the economic benefits of intercropping the cotton and watermelon. On the northwest sandy land in Shandong Province where the fertility is on the upper side, the intercropping of the watermelon and cotton can fully utilize the land fertility and light, heat etc. The intercropping of the watermelon and cotton could increase economic benefits by 27.9% than only watermelon planting, and increaing by 222.4% than only cotton planting. 9.On the basis of multiple tests, a whole set of culture technical regulations for watermelon high yield and high quality have integrated on sandy land in the Northwest of Shandong Province.