Introduction And The Main Cultivated Technique Of Hamimelon (Cucumis Melon L.) In Shanghai Area

As the top grade fruit-vegetable.hamimelonhas a good favour in the consumer , but because of its needs of high temperature, aridity, kleg and great day-night temperature difference, the traditional cultivation area is in the drought northwest area. During the past several years, the cultivation study of the hamimelon introduction to the east and the south had been performed. The cultivation become much more difficult because of the overcast and rainy in shanghai area. According to the marketing needs of Shanghai area, the riddling of suitable hamimelon varieties, the high quality and efficient cultivated technique was studied in this paper. The results were as follows:1. Five hamimelon varieties were tested in the study, 'Xue Li Hong' and 'Xian Guo' could be extended as the main varieties in Shanghai area, because of their high quality, fertility and best possible merchandise. The quality of '9818 'and 'Jin Feng Huang' was the second grade and could be cultivated as tie-in. But the quality of 'Xue Jia' was general and unsuitable for Sharghai area .2. That the nitrogenous, potassic and phosphorc fertilization were used together with the organic fertilization as the basal were usually consistent with the needs of the different developmental period of hamimelon. The improvement of quality showed negative relevant with the ratio of N/K, and the dry matter accumulation has a positive relation with the phosphoric fertilization. It is suggested that the nitrogenous fertilization should be kept at 15-17kg, as well as the ratio of P2O5/N, K2O/N were respectively maintained at 0.4-0.7 and 0.6-0.9 was suggested.3. Using different concentration (50, 100, 150, 200, 250mg/L) of ethylene during the two-leaf period in 'Xian Guo' and '9818', and during different development period (two-leaf period, four-leaf period and two-four-leaf period) using 100mg/L, the effect of ethylene on female flower growth was investigated. Theresults indicated that the effect of ethylene was significant, and 100-150mg/L of ethylene was the best concentration because of stimulating effect of female flower without any negative effect on the plant growth, fruit quality and yield. Four-leaf period was suitable for 'Xian Guo 'while two-leaf period for '9818'.4. Different seedtime, different cultivated mode and different train fashion were observed in present study. The results showed that the periods at the end of July was determined as the most suitable sowing time in Shanghai area, and using one vine with one fruit the highest quality and fruit weight as well as the best merchandise would be achieved.5. According to the climate characteristic, developmental characteristic and marketing consumptive characteristic, spriig and autumn stubble were ascertained as the main cultivated season for protective cultivation. The steady output and high efficiency could be achieved by use of the following techniques, including suitable varieties, feasible sowing time, fitting train mode, one time fertilization, suspend-vine cultivation, one vine with one fruit, integrative prevention and cure of plant diseases and insect pests etc.