Study On Soil Animals Diversity Of Slope Field In Zuojia Natural Reserve Of Jilin Province

We investigated soil animals community in different position of sloping field in Zuojia Natural Reserve of Jilin province. By using α,βdiversity indexes and species-abundance distribution models: log-series model, log-normal model and broken-stick model, percent cover of every species was used as indicator of abundance to study macrofaunas and mesofaunas community diversities. The relation among topographic, vegetation, edaphic factors with soil animals diversity were analyzed. The results showed that the species were very rich and the density of soil animals was excessive. Soil animals, especially mesofaunas usually live in the surface layers of litter and soil. With increasing slope position, the diversity index was not increasing and this index of downgrade was maximum. The diversity, evenness, richness and dominance indexes of macrofaunas were higher than those of mesofaunas. The diversity index had close correlation to evenness than to richness and dominance indexes. According to theβdiversity index of Jaccard,Sorenson and Morista-Horn, macrofaunas communities of piedmont and mesoslope were the most similar and the similar index maximum is 0.923; piedmont and ridge is the least similar and the similar index minimum is 0.520. Mesofaunas communities of downslope and mesoslope were the most similar and the similar index maximum is 0.917;downslope and piedmont is the least similar. Soil animals communities of the adjacent sample area were not always similar. Log-series and log-normal distribution models could well fit to the species-abundance distribution of soil animals communities, but broken-stick model cannot .The pattern of few rich species and more rare species was formed. Species was positive correlation with abundance and log-series was the best model. Factors vary with the increasing slope position. The diversity index was positive correlation with altitude, slope angle, crown depth, litter weight and percent of soil organic matter and water of 0-10cm layer, but was negative correlation with the soil temperature of 0-10cm layer, and was remarkable correlation with pH, P (%)and K (%). This paper demonstrated that the environment conditions such as water and caloric were optimal and available resource was the most in the downgrade of a sloping field in the same climate condition, those made the soil animals community diversity were the richest pattern.