Ameliorative Effects Of Saline-alkali Soil Amendments On Coastal Saline Soil And Application Techniques

The saline soil that is an important land resource extensively distributed on the earth, such as Eurasia, Africa and west of North America, it's area total about more than 1 billion hectares, which is about 25 percent of land area. There is approximately 27 million ha saline-alkali soil land in our country, which mainly distributed in the northeast, north and northwest of china inland, and the coastal area to the north of the Changjiang River. The Yellow River Delta is one of three major estuarine deltas of our country, there is enormous potentiality for land development and utilizes, But this district is close to the Bohai Sea, and the saline soil is distributed extensively, which the main salt content is the chloride. The soil salinity of the top layer are on 0.4% to 3% of the ranges, beside the structural property and fertility is poor, Therefore without improving management method, it is difficult to increase agricultural production.Recently, water engineering ways and biological measures have been taken for the soil amendment in the Yellow River Delta extensively, but the biological measures had slow and inapparent effect and water engineering ways not only need heavy investment but aggravate the leaching of soil nutrient, in addition, since the 1990s turnoff time of the Yellow River becomes longer, it is impossible to amend the saline relying on a large amount of fresh water. Thus, it is most important to explore the new ways to amend the saline soil without depending on fresh water in the Yellow River Delta. In this paper several kinds of soil amendment is chosen for amending against the coastal saline soil in the Yellow River Delta.According to the soil conditions in the Yellow River Delta, 4 kinds saline soil restoration material are chosen for the soil amendment such as Kangdibao developed by China Agricultural University, Hekang developed by Green land Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd. Of Feiying of Beijing, Delish produced by Japanese and a kind material compound of shell and the rest of the marine product processing that developed by Ocean University of china. Middle salinity and heavy salinity soil were arranged for the experiment, the content of soil salt and the output ofcrops were measured. On this basis, this paper studied the effect that saline soil restoration material acts on the soil physical and chemical property, the amount and activity of soil microbes, and developed application techniques for saline-alkali soil amendments on coastal saline soil.The results are: (1) the saline soil restoration material is the most suitable for the soil amendment. (2) the saline soil restoration material can improve the physical property of soil, such as lowering soil bulk density and increasing porosity. (3) the saline soil restoration material can improve the chemical property of soil obviously which reduces the content of soil salt and pH values and increases the content of rapidly available N, P, K and soil organic matter. Soil fertilizer gets improved and soil environment becomes better. (4) the saline soil restoration material can increase the amount and activity of soil microbes, which make the circulation of soil nutrient better and Improve the crop root system growth environment, in addition, which can restrain the soil evaporation so that decrease accumulation of soil salt. (5) 60kg/mu is comparatively suitable, and the effect is obvious when the saline soil restoration material is used before sowing.Therefore, soil amendment has the function of softening soil, keeping soil wet, improving soil physical and chemical properties, and enhancing the plant absorption for nutrition and water. Compared with engineering and biological measurements, this method is easy to carry out with lower cost and good effect, which solves the problems of salinity, hardness, and poorness in coastal saline soil. It is a new way for the amelioration of coastal saline soil. The extending of this method in the Yellow River Delta will increase agricultural land resource, improve local ecological environment, promote the economic development, and sustainable development of this region.