Study On Integrated Pest And Disease Management Systems For The Processing Apple

The research work was conducted to the incident of the main pests and the disease-resistance identification on some processing varieties introduced by Shandong Agricultural University, and screened some new type, high-efficient, low-toxicity, low-residual non-pollution pesticides aimed at the main pests, a regulated non-pollution pest control procedure for processing varieties was also established to guide the non-pollution pest control of processing apple bases. The results are as follows:1.The main insects in processing varieties are Carposina sasakii Matsumura(peach fruit borer), Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura (apple leaf miner), Panonychus ulmi(Koch) (European red mite), Aphis citricola Van der Goot(apple aphid) and Tetrnychus urticae Koch(two-spotted mite); and the main diseases are Macrophoma Kawatsukai Hara and Alternaria mali Roborts.2. The field resistance investigation showed that the Macrophoma Kawatsukai Hara occured much seriously on 'Judeline' and 'Bedan' varieties, while Alternaria mali Roborts relatively lightly; both diseases occured moderately on 'Judaine' and 'Doucemoen' varieties; on 'Petit Jaune' variety , Alternaria mali Roborts occurs more seriously, while Macrophoma Kawatsukai Hara relatively slightly.3. The spores of Macrophoma Kawatsukai Hara spreaded mainly in May, June, July and the spreading obviously related to raining .The result of trapping with the frequency trembler grid lamp showed that the species belonging to Lepidopera and Coleoptera were dominant among the pests trapped. This lamp could effectively control manymain fruit tree pest insects and decrease the leaf and fruit damage.4. The indoor toxicity trial and the field pesticide effect experiment showed that 50% Carbendazim WP at 1:600 dilution, 70% Thiphanate-methyl WP at 1:800, 80% 'Dasheng'(mancozeb) WP at 1:800 and 40% 'Fuxing'(Flusilazole) EC at 1:6000 dilution were effective to Macrophoma Kawatsukai Hara ; to Alternaria mali Roborts , 10% Polyoxin WP at 1:1500 dilution, 80% 'Dasheng'(mancozeb) WP at 1:800, 50% Iprodione WP at 1:1500 and 68.75% 'Yibao' WG at 1:1000 dilution were effective.5. The field control trials of Carposina sasakii Matsumuras showed that, 48% Chlorpyrifos EC at 1:1500 dilution, 30% 'Taoxiaoling' EC at 1:1200 dilution, 4.5% Beta-cypermethrin EC at 1:2000 dilution and 20% Fenvalerate EC at 1:2000 dilution have the good effect, and the control effect on the fifteenth day after spraying are all above 85.0%.6. 1.8% Avermectin EC at 1:5000 dilution, 10% 'Aweida' EC at 1:2000 dilution could effectively control Tetrnychus urticae Koch within 10-15 days after spraying; while 15% Pyridaben EC at 1:2500 dilution, 25% Azocyclotin WP at 1:1500 dilution, 5% Fenproximate at 1:2500 and 73% Propargite EC at 1:2500 dilution have the good efficacies to Panonychus ulmi(Koch) for more than 14 days.7. 25% 'Mieyouniao' at 1:2000 dilution, 5% Triflumuron SC at 1:2000 dilution and 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin EC at 1:2500 dilution could effectively control Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura within 30 days after spraying; to Aphis citricola Van der Goot , 3% Acetamiprid EC at 1:2500 dilution, 10% Imidacloprid WP at 1:3000 dilution and 25% Actara WG at 1:10000 dilution have the good efficacies for about 10 days, with little toxicity to its natural enemy.8. According to the characteristics of processing varieties, all kinds of control techniques were integrated and formed a regulation suitablefor these varieties following the requests of non-pollution pestcontrol.