| The photosynthetic and water characters of 19 representative garden trees were measured by using the Li-6200 photometer in Urumqi.The text took the 19 tree species as example and evaluate the ecological characters of tree species, and studied the arrangement mode of tree species, combining structure theory of ecological community with the ecological characters of tree species, then analyzed tree selection, the intraspecific and interspecific relationship, the tree arrangement mode in courtyard greenland, the science reference for arranging garden plants in Urumqi. The conclusions as follows : the homeland trees have higher ability of photosynthesis, water use efficient and drought tolerance and more ecological service function than trees from other place, the arbor have the same results compared with the shrub, for example, the Amorpha fruticosa L. can diffuse the water of 7533g,absorb carbon dioxide of 10424g and oxygen of 7577 per square meter ,it is 1.5,2.4 and 2.6 respectively times of Sambucus williamsii Hance,and is nearly equal to Salix alba Linn which diffuse the water of 7446g,absorb carbon dioxide of 9724g and oxygen of 7052 per square meter,but the head of Salix alba Linn. is several times and far higher ecological service function than Amorpha fruticosa L.. we should selection the tall summer green broad-leaf arbor as the main tree species so that progressing the surroundings of courtyard , at the same time we should use the flower-shrub and needle-tree decorate and enrich landscapes of plant. The text studied mainly the intraspecific and interspecific relationship according to the photosynthesis and water indexs of tree species. The intraspecific relationship was studied according to the space of planted tree, the distance of big arbor is more than 4 m, and 6-10m is appropriate, the distance of the little arbor should be 5-7m and the shrub is about 4-6m. single tree species were planted together naturally, the tree could shelter the less ones appropriately. The interspecific relationship kept the different layers in the light of physiological characters which is factual life form of tree species. The results as follows: the tree species should be put the first synusia if Im≥1500μmol?m-2?s-1,Io≤30μmol?m-2?s-1,if 1000≤Im≤1400μmol?m-2?s-1 and 20≤Io≤34μmol?m-2?s-1, the little arbor that are slightly shade-tolerant should be put the second synusia,the shrub that are shade-tolerant should be put the third synusia if Im>1100μmol?m-2?s-1,Io<17μmol?m-2?s-1.Besides we should classify the tree in the light of the needed water, planted together and irrigated respectively. The tree were arranged together, and the terrain was treated if the distinguish of needed water was bigger. The different type tree were planted the same level and engaged in the treatment of irrigating technique if you want to reach to the landscape result. The actual ability of ecological capacity was not suitable of complicated layers in Urumqi, as a result, it is fit to reach two or three layers. It suggested to arrange the reasonable proportion combining with the different functions of courtyard, embodying changeable season, and use the different level arrangement mode, such as regular mode, natural mode ,fixed mode so as to set off the atmosphere of courtyard greenland. The proportion of summer green broad-leaf trees to needle-trees is about 8:2, the proportion of the arbor to the shrub is about7:3.
|
PDF Full Text Request