The Study On Effect Of Saving-water Irrigation Of Soil Coverage Of Wine-making Grape

It is very suitable for wine-making grape on the sand loam in Hexi Corridor ,which is located in the west of Gansu province, where water resource is so deficit that it limits the growth of wine-making grape. To solving this problem, the effects of different saving water measure on soil water content, temperature and fertility, as well as growing and fruiting were studied including mulching with plastic film, wheat straw and wheat shell in grapery of arid area. The results show that soil water content of root-room from 0 to 60cm depth is increased with water saving measure. Its highest increase occurs in May and June when grape tree is in the course of water-demanding. The soil temperature increases obviously at the depth from 0 to 60cm with mulching plastic film in the growing season. But the temperature is lower in the early season only under straw mulching, however, higher than CK in the later season. The budding will be delayed because of temperature with straw mulching in spring, thus frosty injury can be avoided or least lightened. The contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium were increased by 17.36-18.51%, 7.35-8.82%, 8.51-9.96%, 47.5-53.9% respectively. The bulk density is decreased from 0.188g/cm3 to 0.196g/cm~3. the mean diameter of creeping stem and major flushes increase by 0.13 cm and 0.14-0.23 cm, the single leaf area increase by 9.419-11.077cm~3 and chlorophylls increase by 6.5-13.7%. The yield and quality of wine-making grape are enhanced. Increasing the soluble solids from 1.5% to 1.7%, and the yield from 3722.5 kg/hm2 to 4162.5 kg/hm2. Amount of year irrigation water decrease 849-992m~3/hm~2,coverage can save water 33.99-43.15%. The effect of covering grapery ground with straw was higher than that of covering with plastic film, and obviously the control. This technology is characterized by water-saving, energy-saving, water and fertility preservation and working-days saving in solving the contradiction of water supply deficiency in developing wine-making grape in the arid or semi-arid areas in North China.