Study On Variety Resource And Layout Of Fresh Jujube In China

Jujube , Zizyphus jujuba Mill belong to Generus Zizyphus jujuba Mill of Rhamnaceae,Jujube has been cultivated for over 3,000 years. The cultivated area of jujube is about 60hm2,and the yield is 1,100,000 tons annually. As one type of jujube, fresh jujube is thin pericarp, crisp sarcocarp, delicious, has abundant syrup andparticular flavor. It has been hotspot in the development of fruit tree in recent years, aiming at 261 varieties of fresh jujube, 159 varieties of fresh-shriveled jujube, and 16 newly selected fresh jujube through cultivation as the object, the author studied fresh jujube systematically from the aspects of idioplasmatic resource, distribution, and produced area. Development trends of fresh jujube and the wholecountermeasure studying is expected, and applied in production. The main researchful results are as follows:First, Comparing and analyzing based on quality criterion, sensory quality criterion, testing quality criterion and synthetic properties of fine fresh jujube, we selected out 90 varieties of fresh jujube, 8 of which is wonderful, 60 of which is excellent, which account for 66.7% in the fine varieties, and 22 varieties whose quality is up to better account for 26.2%. In the 90 varieties, 10 of which is precocious, 9 of which is serotinous, and 71 of which is full-blown, which account for 78.9% in fine varieties.Second, jujube yield zone is divided into two parts, which is the southern area and the northern area. The southern area yielding fresh jujube consists of 5provinces, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang etc. The northern area is the main distributing area.In the 5 areas, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and Liaoning, Scale manufacture of fresh jujube is the largest and famous varieties of jujube is abundant in Hebei, Shandong and Shaanxi, Shanxi; fine varieties of fresh jujube in Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang have developmental potential; there is few large scale manufacture in Henan; and fine fresh jujube varieties are few in Liaoning.Third, of the 16 varieties of fresh jujube we selected and examined, 5 are wonderful, 9 is excellent, and 2 is up to better. They are more excellent, have precocious abundant fruits, better synthetical characters, andcertain adaptability.Forth, we plot out 11 areas produced fine fresh jujube according to character of the 19 fresh jujube zone in China. Based on their climatic, edaphic, and environmental traits, The 11 areas can be divided into 7 types, in which, Shandong, Hebei which produced winter-jujube in the lower reaches of The Yellow River, and south of Shanxi, east of Shaanxi, north of Henan which produced fresh jujube in the middle reaches of The Yellow River are wonderful. The areas include loessial-hill area in Shaanxi near The Yellow River,Jiaocheng, which lies in the upriver if Fen river in Shanxi, and Taigu area, take the second place. Area around the Tarim Basin, Dunhuang,Hami and hexi area, and jingyuan-zhongning area in upriver of The Yellow River have certain potentials. Anti-chapped varieties of fresh jujube is needed in south Shandong, east Henan, and north Anhui and Jiangsu area.