Study On The Relevant Factors Influencing The Yield And Quality Of Cichorium Intybus L

This experiment mainly studied the relevant factors which influenced the taproot yield, bud ball yield and quality, such as sowing date, plant density, cultivation method, fertilization, blanching culture methods and temperature, expecting to establish the optimal pattern of chicory production in Jinzhong region of ShanXi province. And the results were following:1 .The optimal sowing date was 5th, June in Jinzhong region of ShanXi province, and effective taproot yield was 2867.66kg/667m~2.2.The earlier sowing date was, the higher bolting rate and disease rate were, which directly influenced effective taproot yield of chicory. However it significantly affected effective taproot yield of chicory if sowing date was too late as well. The bolting rate and disease rate of chicory sown on 5th, June were 12.78% and 2.78% respectively, but the effective taproot yield was up to the highest.3.The carbamide levels influence chicory taproot yield significantly. It was appropriate to fertilize during postponing seedling stage, after controlling seedling and before full crop.4.Plant density affected taproot yield and bud ball yield of chicory, and the optimal one in the experiment was 20cm × 15cm, meanwhile taproot yield and bud ball yield were 3183.54kg and 2445.63kg per 667m~2 respectively.5.Taproot yield of chicory directly sown was higher than that transplanted, and the former had few branch roots, while the later has more. The bud ball yield of branch roots was high, hence the bud ball yield of chicory transplanted per 667m~2 than directly sown. Therefore transplanting was suggested.6. When the shape of roots was the same, the higher taproot weight was, the higher bud ball yield was, therwise the lower. While root weight was the same, the lower the root length /root diameter ratio was, the higher bud ball yield was.7.Bud ball yield by sand culture was the highest, with bud ball having sand, but yield was low and bud ball was clean by soil and water culture. Bud ball yield by the three ways were 152.77g,115.43g,101.27g nespectively.8.Temperature affects growth speed of bud ball. By blanching , bud ball can be harvested in 18 days under 24℃, 30 days under 18℃ and 40 days under 12℃. And commercial value was low under high temperature and high under low one.9.Therefore in Jinzhong region the optimal production pattern of chicory was: sowing on 5th , June, then transplanting, the row and plant spacing was 20cm × 15cm, fertilizing during postponing seedling stage , after controlling seedling and before full crop, harvesting taproots before light frost, and applying the blanching of sand culture.