Comparative Study On Mechanism Of Male-sterility Induced By Heredity And Physiology Type In Wheat

wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) is the first leading cereal crop in the world, and the second leading cereal crop in china. A lot of research indicated that the wheat, as rice, maize and rape, has also obvious heterosis. The heterosis of wheat can be deeply explored and can be utilized to increase the yield per unit of area sown. Now there are two important methods used for producing hybrid wheat seed to utilize the heterosis of wheat. The first method is Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS). The second is Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS). In addition, we made progress in male-sterility induced by high temperature. The CHAS developed rapidly and had become a main way in the applying with producing in recent years. Because the male and female parent in CHAS can be selected freely and combined from the conventional wheat varieties as to increase the efficiency of hybrid breeding programs. However, the key of successful CHAS need a nice kind of Chemical Hybridizing. SQ-1 is a new kind of CHA with self-knowledge property in china. SQ-1 could induce above 95% male sterility and has no side-effect on growth and development in wheat, and could take place GENESIS which was developed by Monsanto company in USA and was regarded as a nice kind of CHA in the world, and resolve the restriction in Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) in our country. Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS) belong to hereditable male-sterility; Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) belong to physiological male-sterility; male-sterility induced by high temperature also belong to physiological male-sterility. The article compared the difference between hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility in same condition so that we know the mechanism of male-sterility and instruct production. The study include: a comparative study of anther and leaf isoenzyme which was POD, COD, amylase of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat; a comparative study of dissoluble protein on anther and leaf of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat. All results are as follows: (1), The POD, COD activities which S-type male-sterile line and male sterility induced by CHA were lower than the contrast, and isoenzymes bands less than the contrast, the lower COD activity result in the falling of oxidative phosphorylation rate, and reduce the rate of breath and the information of energy. Obvious difference between male sterility induced by high temperature and contrast emerge in binucleated stage and trinucleated stage: the POD, COD activities of male-sterile induced by high-temperature were higher than the contrast and isoenzymes bands more than the contrast, which indict the amount of active oxygen and free radical more than normal level in adversity of high temperature and take place acute lipid peroxidization. The enhancement of COD activity lead to the oxidative cleavage of IAA, which affect the synthesis and transportation of nutriment that is essential to the development of microspore. (2) The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility induced by SQ-1 and high temperature is higher than contrast. The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of S-type male-sterility line is lower than the contrast. (3) There is almost no difference among the male sterility materials and the contrast in leaf POD,COD isoenzyme. The amylase isoenzyme bands of male-sterility material 1376 is less than the contrast, but amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility material 2611 is as the same as the contrast, which indict the interworking between CHA and genotype. (4) We find differential protein in anther of hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility. In binucleated stage, there is a lack of 31KD protein in male sterility materials contrast to the normal materials. We presume that the 31KD protein is related with male-sterility. (5) We have no find differential protein in leaf in different stages.