Occurrence And Integrated Management Of The Main Solanace Vegetable Diseases In The Semi-Arid Xinjiang

Xinjiang is an arid and semiarid region, whose agriculture belongs to oasis-irrigation type. The plant diseases, especially the vegetables diseases, have some specialty of the region. The contents of the study include Xinjiang semiarid region tomato, capsicum and eggplant diseases, and the studies of the occurrence laws and the integrated control of the principal diseases. The main results are as follows:1. The study found the thirty-eight kinds of diseases, among which twelve kinds are tomato diseases, seventeen kinds are capsicum diseases and the nine kinds are eggplant diseases.2. The suitable growth temperature of Phythophthora capsici was 26℃ to 32℃, and it grows slowly or stop growing at 38℃ on MDA medium. If the mycelium was submerged by distilled water for 30 hours, it could produce a lot of swarm spores. The capsicum Phytophthora occurrence is directly related with the ground-surface temperature, the plant density and the irrigation way at Xinjiang.3. 16.09% capsicum seeds carried the virus. Soaking the capsicum seeds with Counterpoison No.1, Junduqin and Na₃PO₄, and as such, except Na₃PO₄, spraying Zhibingling, Virus drug A, JunDuQin, Counterpoison No.l, they all got the certain effects on control of capsicum virus.4. It got the effects remarkably to control the capsicum Phytophthora, virus and seedling diseases using the integrated control measures, including the varieties selecting, the seeds disinfecting, the drugs dipping roots, the seedbed soil disinfecting, the crop rotation, the reasonable density-plant, the high-ridge cultivation, the irrigating under the plastic film, the shading with planting high-pole crops, the banking up with earth around the root-stem and the spraying farm chemicals.5. forty-five Verticillium were isolated from the eggplant and cotton, all belong to Verticillium dahliae Kleb. Its suitable growth temperature was 21℃ to 27℃, and it grew slowly or stop growing below 15℃ or over 33℃ on PDA medium. 1.8 percent of eggplant seeds carried Verticillium dahliae. Carbendazim or Chlorothalonil disinfected the seedbed or Carbendazim disinfected the seeds and seedlings, their control effects was 100 per cent.The graft got notable control effect of the eggplant Verticillium.6. It got the remarkable effect to control the eggplant Verticillium and seedling diseases using the integrated control measures that includes the seeds disinfecting, the drugs dipping roots, the seedbed soil disinfecting, the crop rotation, the graft, the high-ridge cultivation, the irrigating under the plastic film, the banking up with earth around the root-stem and the pulled out disease-plants.7. 18.47 percent of tomato seeds carried the virus. TMV and CMV infected together the tomato begetting strip-spot and the twig wilting or died. The tomato virus symptom could be invisible in the blazing sunlight and at high-temperature up to 33°C.8. There are marked differences between the dissimilar tomato variety diversity about the anti-Firfvia fulva, thereinto, Boguifenwang and Qin-H-1 are immune; T-fen-016, Dongfen-2 and Wanfen-2 are highly resistant; Zhongza-9 is mid-resistant; Dongnong-709, Tedazaohong and Puhong are highly susceptible.9. The incidence of the manufacturing-catsup tomato fruit blet heightened along with the time. The high-temperature and the high-wet, especially, the seeper and the high-wet in the field after continuously rain, was the important factor of the disease occurring. The incidence of the disease was low while serotinous planting. Spraying Metalaxyl+ Mancozeb, Oxadixyl+Mancozeb, Iprovalicarb+Propineb and Pulike in field got the obvious control effect of the disease.10. It got the remarkable effects to control the tomato Ahemaria , Fulvia and virus using the integrated control measures, including the seeds disinfecting, the seedbed soil disinfecting, the irrigating under the plastic film, the removing ramifications and the anile and disease-leaves, the aeration and reducing humidity, the drugs controlling.