Studies On Chemical Constitutents And Bioactivities Of Medical Plants

This thesis mainly focused on the studies of the chemical constituents of Actinidia macrosperma C.F.Liang and Cynanchum komarovii AL. Iljinski as well as the bioactive principles of Actinidia macrosperma, and the study of essential oils of three different cultivation patterns from Angelica sinensis by GC/MS. Three parts were included in this thesis.In the first part, the chemical constituents and bioactivities of Actinidia macrosperma were studied.In the first chapter, the recent developments of researches on Actinidia were reviewed. In the second chapter, 1 saponin and 4 triterpenes have been obtained from Actinidia macrosperma. By a combination of spectroscopic methods ( IR, MS, ¹HNMR and ¹3CNMR), the structures of the 5 compounds have been elucidated: 5,12-diene-oic acid-3-O -α -D- galactoside, 2,3,16,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, three stereoisomers of 2α,3 β ,23-trihydroxyurs-12 -en-28-oic acid.The varieties and contents of amino acids were determined by HITACHI 835-50 type auto-amino acid analytical apparatus. The results showed that there were seventeen amino acids including seven human essential amino acids and the total content of amino acids is 36.823mg/g (dry weight).In the third chapter, the bioactivities of Actinidia macrosperma were studied. Several methods were used to study on the effects of the aquatic extraction of Actinidia macrosperma(EA) on mice experimentally inoculated with Sarcomal 80(S₁80) It was shown that EA could inhibit the growth of tumor, raise the cellular immune function and the nonspecific immunity of body. AZ-13(the compound from Actinidia macrosperma) could effectively inhibit the growth of lung cancer (PG) found by WST-1 assay.The clearing function of Actinidia macrosperma polysaccharide (AcPS) on oxygen radical was studied. We compared the clearing function of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (AnPS), Podophyllum emodi polysaccharide (PPS), Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (AsPS) and AcPS : PPS> AsPS> AnPS> AcPS. AcPS has poor clearing function.In the second part, the chemical constistuents of Cynanchum komarovii were studied.In the first chapter, the recent developments of researches on Cynanchum komarovii werereviewed. In the second chapter, 2 compounds were isolated from Cynanchum komarovii, the structures of them were identified: epi-alnusenol and pregnenolone. We found a strange physical phenomenon that the crystal form of epi-alnusenol would change when epi-alnusenol was heated. This mechanism should be further studied.In the third part, GC-MS was employed to analyze the difference of the three essential oils of Angelica sinensis cultured with open ground, plastic film and plastic film covered with soil, to elucidate the effect of the various cultivation patterns on essential oil. According to constituents and contents of essential oils and production, the results indicated that the cultivation pattern- plastic film covered with soil was better than the other two.