Study On Application Of New Slow/Controlled Fertilizers In Chinese Cabbage And Cockscomb Flower

The urgent problem in intensive agriculture of China is to seek for and apply new pattern fertilizer that could not only get high yield and quality but also alleviate furthest threaten of nitrogen to environment. Selecting the new controlled-release fertilizers that manufactured by Plant Nutrition and Resource Research Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, the research analyzed character of the new controlled-release fertilizers on growth of plant, the fertilizer utilization efficiency and effect of environment through the method of water incubation and experiment of Spring Chinese cabbage and Cockscomb. The findings procided a experimental support basis for improving the processing techniques and exploring the intensive utilization the fertilizer.Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of controlled-release coated urea and urea under different condition (with different dose and applied methods) on the growth and nitrogen uptake of Chinese cabbage and environment. Two urea treatments were applied in conventional way (basal dressing plus twice topdressing) with nitrogen application rate of 168 kg/hm~2 (U168) and 240 kg/hm~2 (U240) respectively, while sigmoid and linear coated urea treatments (S and L) were applied by basal application with nitrogen application rate of 168 kg/hm (mixture with 70% coated urea and 30% urea). The results showed that the using of nitrogen could increase the yield of Chinese cabbage. Compare to CK treatment, the treatments of U240, U168, S and L increased 199.3%,126.0%,l87.7% and 154.6% respectively. There was no negative impact on Chinese cabbage using the sigmoid controlled-release coated urea. The yield and economic benefit of S treatment was comparable to that of U240 treatment, but significantly higher than treatments of U168 and L. The nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen production and residual nitrate in 0~ 100cm soil profile of S treatment are significantly better than treatments of U240, U168 and L. No significant difference ofnitrate and vitamin C content in fresh plant was observed among treatments.Potted experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of common compound fertilizer and coated compound fertilizer(CCF) under different condition on the growth of cockscomb,nitrogen utilization. The common compound fertilizer was applied in conventional way(basal dressing plus twice topdressing),while CCF was applied by single basal application at seeding period. The results showed that using CCF whose dosage is two-third of common compound fertilizer could meet the nutrient need of cockscomb flower in its various growth period. Comparing the effect of CCF with common compound fertilizer, nitrogen utilization efficiency increased by 13.8~27.5 percent point, nutrient leaching loss decreased by 23.8%~39.9% , florescence extend by 15d~19d and the dosage of fertilizer economized by 1/3. Through method of lab water extraction, the character of nitrogen release is linearity and similar to APEX that a sort of import controlled compound fertilize which is only used on flower. The effect of potted ecperiment with CCF was comparable to APEX. A part of observation index(such as nitrogen utilization efficiency,florescence) is better than APEX.From this study, the advantage and bright future of coated slow/controlled fertilizer in nutrient supply mode, entiroment and ecnomoy benefit could be clearly seen, and made experiment foundation for further study on coated slow/controlled fertilizer.