Study On The Anther Culture Of Cucumis Melo Var. Reliculatus

The technology of anthers culture in vitro is one of the best effective methods of modern biology breeding for plant haploid breeding. Haploid embryonic calluses are induced by anther in vitro firstly, and then produced embryo and haploid regenerate plant. This method can simplify the process of anther culture and accelerate the haploid breeding. The studies of anther culture mainly focus on the crops of Grami-neae and Cru-ciferae. There are few researches about anther somatic embryo of melon and embryonic callus. The inner organization and physiological biochemistry change mechanism during the development process of embryonic callus on melon is little concerned. The best PGR (Plant Growth Regulator) for affecting the rate of induction of haploid embryonic callus is selected during the process of anther culture. The changing of microstructure of haploid embryonic callus, its activation of POD, content of soluble protein and its special protein are studied during the development of haploid embryonic callus of anther on melon. The main contents and results of this study are as follows:1) The selection of haploid embryonic callus on inducing medium. The result shows that the medium MS+NAA1.0 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L + 6-BA0.2 mg/L is best, which is favorable to induce the haploid embryonic callus of anther on melon with temperature 30℃, pH 5.8, sugar concentration 40g/L, 2000lx and 10h per day. The average induction rate in callus is above 80 percent. 2) The root and leaf buds can be induced out in medium MS+KT1.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L +NAA0.2 mg/L+IAA0.5 mg/L through non-embryo way from haploid embryonic callus of anther of melon.3) The haploid embryonic callus with embryonic cells can be induced in medium MS+2,4-D0.4 mg/L +KT1.0 mg/L with 28℃and dark environment. After raises 40 day the embryoic callus can develop into multicellular, globular embryoid and heart-stage embryoid when they were change over to the MS blank culture medium at the same conditions.4) The activity of peroxidase and the content of soluble protein are changing during the development process of haploid embryoid callus of anther on melon. There are special proteins during the produce process of anther embryonic callus on melon.