The Mutagenic Effects Research Of Low Energy Ion Beam On Aloe

In 1986, Professor YU Zengliang of Institute of Plasma Physics, Academia Sinica, first studied the mutagenic effects of ion beam, and successfully applied it in mutation breeding. Nowadays great economic effect had been achieved in agriculture and industrial microbial breeding. But no application of ion beam had been reported in officinal plant breeding. Aloe are plants which have many officinal components, They had been widely used in medicine and cosmetic industry. Aloe vera L was the study object in this thesis. Firstly, in this study, the tissue culture of Aloe vera L stem tine, which was eradiated by ion beam, was obtained. Afterwards, the change of the physiological and biochemical impacts was investigated by the methods of plant chemistry and HPLC. Then the changes of ultrastructure of the leaves were detected by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that low energy ion beam could promote the tissue culture. The content of chlorophyll a and b decreased than the control. Compared to the control, the content of chlorophyll a decreased 20.15% and b 38.00%. The soluble polysaccharide was higher than control and evenly increased twice as many . The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) , peroxydase(POD) and catalase(CAT) also changed greatly. The enzyme activities of SOD firstly increased but then decreased in the dose of 1 × 10¹⁵ N⁺/cm². While the enzyme activities of POD always decreased, and the enzyme activities of CAT fistly decreased, then increased and decreased again later. The analyse of Aloin content showed that, after ion beam irradiation, the Aloin content of some samples changed. The samples were screened out. According to the photos taken by scanning electronic microscope, the epidermis of the control was found smooth , but the spatter trace and small hole were founded on the leaf surface after ion beam radiation. The observation of the Aloe leaf (treated by ion beam) epidermis transverse section showed that the epidermis was broken, while the control was smooth. Compared with the control, the most remarkable change of the aloe leaves was the undeveloped membrane system of...