Morphology And Cytogenetics Of Intergeneric Hybrid Between Bread Wheat And Psathyrostachys Huashanica Keng Ex Guo

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown cereal in the world. It is the staple food for 35% of the world's population, and is becoming increasingly important in the developing world. To meet the demands for high yielding and stress-resistant wheat cultivars, it is desirable to increase the genetic base of this crop. Many wild species of the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) are valuable sources for resistance to diseases, salinity, drought and insect pests. Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Guo (2n=2x=14, NsNs) is a perennial species in the genus Psathyrostachys Nevski, and is located only in Hua Shan, Shanxi province, China. P. huashanica has been served as an important resource to wheat improvement because of its disease resistance, resistant ability to unfavorable environment, dwarfing and tremendous genetic diversity. At present, the amount of the population is much less than the past and being at the edge of extinction. Owing to distributing limitation and importance as breeding material for germplasm storage, it was listed into the first class of national protected rare plants and imperatively protected wild species in relation to crops.Psathyrostachys huashanica has been successfully hybridized as the pollen parent to CSph2b without using immature embryo culture. F₁ hybrids were verified as intergeneric hybrids, and the results are as follows:1. The average crossabilities of the F₁ hybrids between CSph2b and P. huashanica were 1.56 % for 2004, and 1.67% for 2005 respectively. The F₁ hybrids of CSph2b X P. huashanica used as female parent, were backcrossed with CS, CSph2b, J-11 and Zhengmai-9023 respectively. The BC₁ generations were raised in 2005. The other spikes with well-developed tillers were bagged before flowering, and they were yeld at end.