Study On The Consumption Situation And Tendency Of Adults With Sugar - Containing Food And Sugar - Containing Beverages In China From 1997 To 2009 In China

BackgroundAlong with the social economy and the improvement of living standards, people’s diet is moving toward a high-fat, high energy, high sugar diet pattern. Types and quantity of sugar intake is more and more aroused people’s concern. Several studies show that added sugar is closely related to health, eating too much can cause certain influence on human health. In recent years, WHO and some countries are highly focus on added sugar intake and its relationship to health. The United States dietary guidelines brought added sugar intake into their content. In recent years, China also begin to pay attention to the status of the added sugar. But the research related added sugar intake of residents is less in our country. There is no content related to sugar in Chinese residents’dietary guidelines.ObjectiveThis paper analyzes status and characteristics of added sugar food consumption in China’s nine provinces from1997to2009. A preliminary understanding of foods containing added sugar consumption status and the influence factors of residents’ intake of sugary foods in our country.This article analyzes the status of added sugar intake from beverage and calculates the total added sugar intake status in our country from2004to2009. In order to provide evidence for our country reference added sugar intake.Subjects and MethodsSubjectsIn this paper, data from "China Health and Nutrition Survey ". The18and older adults are the research Subjects. The sample of1997,2000,2004,2006,2009respectively are8620,9336,9114,8727,10081.The data of Sugar-sweetened beverages is from adult questionnaire of "soft drinks and sugary fruit juice beverage consumption". The consumption sample of Sugar-sweetened beverages in2004,2006,2009are respectively1572,1444,2756.MethodsUsing Chinese food composition table (1992and2002edition) and USDA Database for the Added Sugars Content of Selected Foods (2006edition), select the322kinds of foods contain added sugar. They are from six categories. And then merge the two databases. Analysis consumption status and changing trend of foods contain sugar during12years in our country. A multi level model is used for analyzing the influence factors.Use USDA Database for the Added Sugars Content of Selected Foods to calculate average amount of added sugar from carbonated drinks and juice drinks every100g.Data cleaning and analysis are completed by SAS9.1statistical software.Results1. Consumption status and changing trend of foods with added sugar in1997-2009Food consumption trend of adult residents increased year by year during1997-2009in general. From8.9%in1997to25.4%in2009, a16.5%increase in the overall.2. Consumers characteristicsThe female consumption rate is higher than male, and the gender difference is gradually increased. The consumption ratio of18-44age group is higher than other age groups. Urban consumption ratio is higher than the countryside. The main consumption time is breakfast and the main consumption location is at home in China from1997to2009.3. Different kinds of food consumption trendSugar and candy accounted for12.4%,7.0%,3.4%,4.2%,2.5%in1997,2000,2004,2006,2009. It can be seen that proportion of sugar and candy dropped year by year. Beverage accounted for3.5%,0.9%,2.6%,3.9%,16.1%in1997,2000,2004,2006,2009. It can be seen that beverage proportion increased significantly. In addition, the consumption of dried fruit was increased compared2009to1997. Milk and dairy products, cakes and cookies are relatively stable.4. The influence factors of sugary food intakeUsing three levels of logistic regression model to analyze the influence factors of sugary food intake in different populations. Results show that the factors influencing the residents of sugary food intake include:urban and rural areas, age, gender, level of education and income.From the point of random effects, high level variable has statistical significance. Sugary food consumption is difference in monitoring points. Variance between different years are also statistically significant, with the development of the era of sugary food consumption is changing, from8.9%growth in1997to25.4%in2009, a16.5%increase in the overall.5. Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption trendsThe consumption rate of Sugar-sweetened beverages in China’s2004,2006, is15.1%,14.9%and15.1%in2004,2006and2009.From2004to2009, Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption was on the rise, and rose by10%.6. Frequency of Sugar-sweetened beverages consumptionFrom2004to2009, adult residents drinking sugar-sweetened beverages a day in China nine provinces, the proportion is3.2%,4.4%,3.9%, has a tendency to increase.The population proportion of spending1-3times a week is the largest. It is34.6%,34.3%,36.6%in2004,2006,2009.7. Added sugar intake among SSB consumersMen added sugar intake is higher than female2.5g in2004,3.3g in2006,3.4g in2009. It can be seen that male intake is higher than female, this gap still increased slowly.Added sugar intake from SSB were15.2,12.3,11.4g amongl8-44,45-59,60over age group in2004. Added sugar intake from SSB were15.2,10.7,9.4g amongl8-44,45-59,60over age group in2006. Added sugar intake from SSB were14.9,10.9,7.9g amongl8-44,45-59,60over age group in2009. The difference was statistically significant among different age groups.In2004, added sugar intakes from SSB were16.9,12.2g in urban and rural. The difference was statistically significant In2006, they were14.4,12.7g, the difference was statistically significant. In2009, they were13.5,12.3g, the difference was statistically significant.8. Compared added sugar intake from soft drinks and fruit juiceAdd sugar from soft drinks is11.7g, from fruit juice is8.2g in adult residents in China from2004to2009. The added sugar from soft drinks is higher than from fruit juice, the difference was statistically significant.9. Contribution to the daily energy ratio of add sugar from SSBThe energy of add sugar from SSB accounted for10.9%of men, women accounted for10.5%.18-44age group accounted for12.1%,45-59age group accounted for8.8%,60and older age group accounted for10.7%.10. Estimation of total added sugar among Chinese adult residentsThrough add sugar of SSB estimates from2004to2009, total added sugar intake of China is31.3g per day. Added sugar intake is35.5g among men, women was28.3g.18-44age group was35.7g,45-59age group was26.2g,60years of age and older was21.3g.ConclusionSugary food consumption of adult residents is on the rise1997-2009among nine provinces in China.From2004to2009, sugary drink consumption and added sugar intake of adult residents is also on the rise among nine provinces in our country. The add sugar from SSB is10.7%of daily energy. That has been nearly the WHO and FAO recommended:added sugar intake is no more than10%of the total energy threshold. Too much added sugar intake has adverse effects to health, added sugar intake of adults in China is on the increasing trend year by year. It is a critical period to limit added sugar in our dietary.