| Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the pregnant women’s level of iodine nutrition and its influence factors in Qingdao, and to analyze the influence of the different iodine nutritional status on the pregnant women’s thyroid hormone levels, the neonatal iodine nutritional status and the levels of TSH.Method We detected the iodine content in 600 urine samples of the pregnant women who were treated in Qingdao women and children hospital and the Qingdao people’s hospital from April to October 2013, and designed questionnaire to understand their iodine intake conditions and the knowledge of iodine nutrition. Then 198 third trimester pregnant women were randomly selected(28th week of gestation or greater).We used ammonium persulfate digestible – arsenic-cerium catalyzed spectrophotometry to determine the urine iodine level, and chemiluminescence to measure the levels of the three iodine determination of serum free thyroid glycine(FT3), free thyroxine(FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) in their venous blood. The urine iodine from the normal full-term newborns within 48 hours was detected, and also the TSH level of heel blood from the normal full-term newborns within 72 hours was measured by the chemiluminescence analysis method.Result The urine iodine median of the 600 urine specimens was 189 ug/L. It met the standard of WHO international iodine intake(urine iodine median 100-199 ug/L). But there still had a few part of the pregnant women in the group who showed iodine deficiency. It mainly showed that overall iodine deficiency rate was up to 36.67%; iodine deficiency of the early stages of pregnancy rate was up to 51.87%; late pregnancy reached 33.33%; mid pregnancy iodine deficiency rate was the lowest, 30.37%. Through analysis of questionnaires, it showed that education, place of residence, iodized salt intake and diet and knowledge status of iodine nutrition in pregnant women had significant effects on condition of iodine deficiency(P < 0.05). The results of level of thyroid hormone within pregnant women who had different iodine nutritional status revealed that normal iodine contents of FT3 was 4.02 ±0.62 pmol/L, low iodine group was 3.81 ±0.34 pmol/L and high iodine group was 4.75± 0.83 pmol/L. There was no significant difference of the level of FT3 through comparison among groups(P > 0.05); Iodine FT4 content in normal group was 17.32±2.17 pmol/L, low iodine group was 18.85 ±1.68 pmol/L and high iodine group was 19.15 ±2.45 pmol/L. There was no significant difference of the level of FT4 through comparison among groups(P > 0.05); Iodine group normal TSH levels was 3.01 ±0.62 m U/L, low iodine group was 2.56 ± 0.35 m U/L and high iodine group was 2.87±0.46 m U/L. There was no significant difference of the level of TSH through comparison among groups(P > 0.05). Different iodine nutritional status of iodine deficiency status of perinatal newborn babies born to women who showed that iodine deficiency of iodine normal group of babies born to women who took at a rate of 29.41%, and the low iodine group of babies born to women who iodine deficiency rate was as high as 66.67%, high iodine group was 11.11%. It had significant difference through comparison among groups(P < 0.01). Different iodinenutrition level newborn babies born to women who heel blood TSH level test results showed that iodine neonatal TSH level born to women who took the normal group was 2.15±1.56 m U/L, the TSH level > 5 m U/L was 1.75%; Low iodine group of TSH level was 2.12 ± 1.38 m U/L, the TSH level > 5 m U/L was 1.51%; High iodine group TSH level was 1.91 ±1.25 m U/L, the TSH level > 5 m U/L was 0%. There was no significant difference through comparison among groups(P > 0.05).Conclusion Now the iodine nutrition condition of pregnant women in Qingdao was quite good, but there was still a certain degree of iodine deficiency phenomenon. Pregnant women’ iodine nutritional status was closely related to their educational background, place of residence, iodized salt and diet and the knowledge status of the iodine nutrition. Pregnant women’ iodine nutritional status could affect the neonatal iodine nutrition level, despite the current condition of iodine deficiency had not caused obvious effect on the thyroid function of pregnant women and neonatal TSH level. We should pay attention to the urine iodine level of monitoring for the pregnant woman, and strengthen the propaganda and education of knowledge in order to guide pregnant women to fill iodine scientifically and make them nip in the bud.
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