Proper Protein Sources Replacing Fish Meal And Lipid Sources In Dietary Of Juvenile Chinese Sturgeon Acipenser Sinensis

The change of growth and related physiological and biochemical indices of juvenile Chinese sturgeon was investigated by replacing fish meal with soy protein concentration (SPC), meat and bone meal(MBM) and adding equivalent different lipid sources in dietary to ascertain the proper replacing proportion of SPC, MBM and screen suitable lipid sources. The contents and results are as follows:1. Effects of Soy Protein Concentration on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipids and Carcass Composition of Juvenile Chinese SturgeonJuvenile Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis)(58.00±2.69g) were fed four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets which contained four levels of soy protein concentration(SPC) to replace fish meal protein [0(R0,control group),15%(R15),30% (R30) and 45% (R45)] for 10 weeks, to investigate the effects of SPC on growth performance, feed utilization, hematology and carcass composition. With the increase of SPC ratio in diets, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased, but condition factor (CF) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) had no significant difference. FE presented statistical significance in R30(P < 0.05), WG, SGR and PER showed statistical significance in R45(P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol content(P> 0.05), but plasma cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased as SPC ratio increased(P< 0.05). CHOL, TG and LDL-C presented statistical significance in R30(P< 0.05). In muscle and liver, with the increasing SPC ratio in diets, moisture content increased(P< 0.05), but fat content reversed, and protein content had no significant difference(P> 0.05). Muscle and liver moisture content of R30 and R45 were significantly higher than R0(P< 0.05), while fat content were significantly lower than R0(P< 0.05). Based on the results of growth performance, feed utilization, plasma lipids and carcass composition, the replacement level of SPC for fish meal protein could be 30%.2. Effects of meat and bone meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipids and Carcass Composition of Juvenile Chinese SturgeonJuvenile Chinese sturgeon (57.45±0.55g) were fed four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets which contained four levels of meat and bone meal(MBM) to replace fish meal protein(0,15%,30% and 45%) for 10 weeks, to investigate the effects of MBM on growth performance, feed utilization, hematology and carcass composition. Except liver protein content(P< 0.05), there were no significance difference in WG, SGR, FE, PER, CF, HIS, CHOL, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C as MBM ratio increased(P> 0.05). The replacement level of MBM for fish meal protein could be 45%.3. Effects of Dietary lipid sources on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition and Blood Parameters of Juvenile Chinese SturgeonSeven experimental fish meal-based isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing any 9%-added fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO), corn oil (CO), sunflower oil (SO), groundnut oil (GO), pork lard(PL) or pork lard: fish oil(1:1, PFL)were formulated to investigate the effects of different lipids on growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass composition and blood parameters of juvenile Chinese sturgeon(47.52±1.44g).The results showed that:1. WG and SGR in FO had no significant difference (P> 0.05) with SO and CO, but was obviously higher (P< 0.05) than the other four groups; FCR in FO and PL was significantly lower than GO(P< 0.05).2. HSI and CF showed no significant difference among all the groups (P> 0.05).3. Muscle moisture content in GO and PL was significantly higher than FO(P< 0.05); Muscle crude fat content in FO was significantly higher than CO and PL(P< 0.05), but obviously lower than SO(P< 0.05). Liver moisture in PL was significantly higher than the other groups(P< 0.05), while liver crude fat inversed.4. CHOL and TG in CO, FO and SO were significantly lower than GO, PL and FPL(P< 0.05). HDL-C in PL showed higher content than FO and SO(P< 0.05); LDL-C in FO and SO showed lower content than other groups(P< 0.05); ALT and AST in FO, GO, CO showed lower content than SO, PL and FPL(P< 0.05). In this experiment, judged from growth and biochemical indices, the best lipid source was fish oil, corn oil can achieve the similar effect of fish oil, followed by soybean oil, rapseed oil, pork lard and mixed oil had almost the some effects, and groundnut oil was the worst.