| Citrus medica L. var.sarcodactylis Swingle (finger citron)is a variation of Citrus medica L. which belongs to Citrus of Rutaceae.Beause of the deformed fruit like the shape of palm crack and named bergamot. Bergamot is a plant with ornamental value of the fruits and foliage, the fruit of the bergamot is used as medicine and it is common in Chinese herbal medicines. Jinhua bergamot is the native Chinese traditional ornamental plant, it is the most ornamental value one in the bergamot. For its successfully introduced and cultivated in Changsha, it has important significance for increase the ornamental plant species and enrich the landscape types of Changsha.The study chose four species of bergamot:"QingYi 1", " QingYi 2", "XiaoZhong" bergamot, the "XiaoZhong" bergamot without thorns that grow well in Jinhua for introduced and cultivated, after three years of cultivation management and breeding technology, the main conclutions are as follows:1. The order of the four bergamot varieties from strong to weak is"XiaoZhong" bergamot> "QingYi 2"> "XiaoZhong" bergamot without thorns> "QingYi 1" therefore the most suitable for cultivation in Changsha is "XiaoZhong" bergamot.2. The Cultivation and management of bergamot.(1) Pruning and remove the bud:using two methods that cut the branch and bud picking. remove the unisexual bud, leave the bisexual bud. For general types of bergamot, a branch can remain a bud, a bergamot probably stay 4 to 5 bud. "XiaoZhong" bergamot the branches to stay 1 to 2 bud, "XiaoZhong" bergamot without thorns the branches to stay 2 to 3 bud.(2) Fertilizer management:Attention the soil is wet or dry when watering the plant, it need more watering in the hot season, and less watering or not in the rainy season. It should always fertilize with less fertilizer without chlorine and trace element like B and Mg. The best fertilize is the compound with potassium that from Norsk Hydro company.(3) Diseases and pests:the main diseases of bergamot are anthrax and canker, the prevention measures by using three kinds of pesticides which named prochloraz, cabendazim and "gaoti". The main pests of bergamot are red spider,citrus leaf-miner and larvae of citrus swallowtails. The method for prevent the red spider by using "mie chong guan"and "di si ke 2",for citrus leaf-miner by using avermectins, for larvae of citrus swallowtails by using dimethoate EC.(4) The choice of soil:the choice of soil mainly in red, the composition of soil is the bottom layer is tiles, and then a layer of small stones, a layer of stone,finally,together with the soil,the composition of soil is 70% red soil+20%peat+10%sand.(5) Light and temperature:in early April, bergamot should be moved from the greenhouse when the temperature is higher than 15℃;in the July to August, it should be built shadehouse when the temperature is higher than 30℃;in late November, bergamot should be moved into the greenhouse when the temperature is below than 5℃.The propagation of bergamot:(1) In the Different matrix cutting experiment,The highest composite matrix (sand:soil=2:1),and rooting rate is 98.9%.The rooting rate of the cuttings with perlite:peat=1:1and soil:perlite=2:1 is 96.7%和93.3%,The rate of the single matrix is 86.3%,91.3% and 85.5%.(2) In the different concentrations of the different hormone treatment cutting:The rooting rate of cuttings from 79.5% to 98.7% after using the IBA, the best concentration of the hormone is 1000 mg·L-1, the rooting rate is 98.7%,so IBA has the obvious role in promoting the bergamot root. when use NAA to do the cutting experiment, the 1000 mg·L-one is good,the rooting rate is 94.1%.(3) The rooting rate, root number and root length are better in spring than in autumn. So spring is the best cutting time for the bergamot.(4) In the grafting experiment:pick the aurantii for rootstock to begin with the study that between different species of bergamot. Different species have different survival rate of grafting, the grafting survival rate of "xiaozhong" bergamot is higher than "QingYi 2".
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