| In order to solve the low yield and unstable problems of carya cathayens, this paper analyzed its site conditions, cultivation practices, growth index and fruit yield of main producing areas in western and southern of Anhui. The author also did grafting experiments. This paper explored the supporting measures for high and stable yield, provided a theoretical basis for early ripening, high-yield and cultivation expanding. The major results showed as follows:In southern Anhui, the highest yield of stand was located that altitude between 400m and 700m, with shady slope and middle position in a mountain. Altitude was significantly positively effect on DBH, CTA and yield, but negative with the height of trees. CTA was significantly positively effect on yield. DBH increased with the altitude increasing. The related function was Y1=3.887+0.086×t+1.13×10-7×t3. The height decreased with the altitude increasing. The CTA and yields increased with the altitude increasing in the altitude of 200-500m,the maximum CTA and yields appeared in the altitude of 500-600m. The CTA and yields decreased with the altitude increasing in the altitude of 600-800m and the related function was Y2=4.110-0.025×t+9.91×10-5×t2-8.7×10-8×t3;Y3=5220.65-25.49×t+0.1×t2-8.8×10-5×t3. The yields increased with CTA increasing, The related function was Y4=1274.158+934.821×x+0.397×x3.The gradient positive affected DBH, the height of trees, CTA and yields all significantly. The climax height, DBH and yield all in flat slope, followed by mild slope. The lowest in craggedness slope. The direction of the sloping field was significantly effect on the height, DBH, CTA and the yield. DBH decreased with the exposure from sunny slope to half shady slope then to shady slope, the height of tree goes to the opponent direction. While the climax of CTA and yields was in half shady slope, then the shady slope, the lowest yields was in sunny slope. Both height,DBH,CTA and yields of tree were significantly correlation with slope position. DBH increased when the slope position goes up, while the height of tree decreases. The highest yields were in middle position, followed by the bottom position. The lowest yields were at peak.In western Anhui, the best combination of stand factors for yield is the altitude between 500m and 800m, with sunny slope and middle position in a mountain. Altitude was significantly positively effect on DBH, height of trees, CTA and yield, DBH increased with the altitude increasing. The related function was Y5=-10.309+0.160×t +1.63×10-7×t3. The height decreased with the altitude increasing. The related function was Y6=-4.012+0.091×t+5.92×10-8×t3. The CTA and yields increased with the altitude increasing in the altitude of 300-600m,the maximum CTA and yields appeared in the altitude of 600-700m. The CTA and yields decreased with the altitude increasing in the altitude of 700-900m and the related function was Y7=-5.862+0.035×t-2.2×10-5×t2-4.7×10-9×t3,Y8=2160.540-0.143×t+0.036×t2-3.5×10-5×t3.The yields increased with CTA increasing, The related function was Y9=2710.374+484.129×x+39.548×x2. The gradient positive affected DBH, the height of trees, CTA and yields all significantly. The climax height, DBH and yield all in flat slope, followed by mild slope. The lowest in craggedness slope. The direction of the sloping field was significantly effect on the height, DBH, CTA and the yield. DBH, CTA and yields decreased with the exposure from sunny slope to half shady slope then to shady slope, the height of tree goes to the opponent direction. Both the height, DBH, CTA and the yield of tree were significantly correlation with slope position. DBH increased when the slope position goes up, while the height of tree decreases. The highest yields were in middle position, followed by the bottom position. The lowest yields were at peak.The graft experiment used different concentrations of IAA, different approaches of grafting, different conducted parental stock and different coins such as stem, bud and root. The plots were based on the principle of orthogonal experiment design. Data were analyzed by SAS System for Windows 9.0. The results showed that the stem grafting had highest survival rate, followed by root grafting, then bud grafting. Concentrations of IAA were significantly positive correlation with the survival rate. Approaches of grafting and the treatment of parental stock also showed positive correlation with the survival rate.150mg/L IAA + tiepi graft + planted seedling with ABT was the best combination, which the living-rate of graft was up to 75%. |
PDF Full Text Request