| In this research, peanet was cultured in field and pools, three types of controlled release nitrogen fertilization, 100% PU (pitch urea), 50% PU (plain urea) + 50% PCU (pitch controlled urea) and 100% PCU (pitch controlled urea) with two test varieties, nongda056 and fenghua1. Main resultsobtained were as follows:1 The influence of soil nitrogen nutrient dynamics in soil by controlled release nitrogenThe available soil nitrogen contents of controlled release nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment was significantly below common nitrogen treatment treatment in peanut growth early, significantly higher than common nitrogen treatment in in peanut growth later. The purpose of Postponing Fertilizer Efficiency reached. The available soil nitrogen contents content of common nitrogen treatment, mixed nitrogen treatment, controlled release nitrogen treatment and blank treatment were 123.4,90.8,78.2,64.4mg/kg in Seedling period. The available soil nitrogen contents of mixed nitrogen treatment and controlled release nitrogen treatment were more than 17.35% and 15.34% respectively above common nitrogen treatment.2 Effect and mechanism of Postponing Fertilizer Efficiency to postpone aging of peanutsLAI and changes of leaf function were major indexes to reflect aging process of peanut plants. Compared with common nitrogen treatment, LAI of controlled release nitrogen treatment was lower in Pod-setting phase before, LAI of controlled release nitrogen treatment was lower than common nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment in leaf area biggest period. Then entered decline stage,LAI of controlled release nitrogen treatment recession slowed down, was higher than common nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment gradually, and continuing to higher than leaf area. LAI of controlled release nitrogen treatment was 3.8, LAI of mixed nitrogen treatment was 3.4, LAI of common nitrogen treatment was 2.9, LAI of blank treatment was only 2.5. LAI of controlled release nitrogen treatment was more than 38.0% above common nitrogen treatment, LAI of mixed nitrogen treatment was more than 38.0% above common nitrogen treatment.In peanuts later growth stage,the enzyme activity of SOD,POD,CAT at function leaves of controlled release nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment were significantly higher than common nitrogen treatment, slowed down accumulation speed of MDA, reduced damage of active oxygen, maintain the leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis andΦPSⅡwere high in Pod-setting phase.Form simple leaf aging dynamic in peanuts growth mid-late, the descending velocity the SOD,POD,CAT activity of controlled release nitrogen treatment were slowed down, slowed down accumulation speed of MDA ,slowed down the chlorophyll content, extend the time of photosynthesis, conducived to the accumulation of photosynthesis product.Therefore,controlled release nitrogen can slow down the aging process of plants and organs.3 The influence of the nitrogen accumulation and distribution and nitrogen utilization by postponing fertilizer efficiencyNitrogen fertilization increased the accumulated nitrogen rate of plant. In peanut growth early,the accumulated nitrogen rate of common nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than controlled release nitrogen treatment, slightly higher than mixed nitrogen treatment; Along with the advancement of growth process, the accumulated nitrogen rate of controlled release nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment were higher than common nitrogen treatment after Pod-setting phase,this tendency maintain to harvest-time. the accumulated nitrogen of leaf rose at first, then decreased by growth process. At harvest-time, the accumulated nitrogen of controlled release nitrogen treatment were highest in leaves, mixed nitrogen treatment was next. Nitrogen fertilization increased accordingly the nitrogen accumulation of patterns in pods.The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilization of controlled release nitrogen treatment and mixed nitrogen treatment were higher than common nitrogen treatment at harvest-time. Compared with common nitrogen treatment of Nongda056, the nitrogen accumulation of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 7.02%, the nitrogen utilization of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 9.04%, the nitrogen accumulation of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by14.0%, the nitrogen utilization of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by 17.33%; Compared with common nitrogen treatment of Fenghua1, the nitrogen accumulation of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 14.1%, the nitrogen utilization of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 15.13%, the nitrogen accumulation of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by20.2%, the nitrogen utilization of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by 22.43%.4 The influence of the dry matter accumulation and distribution and yield by postponing fertilizer efficiencyCommon nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation was greater influence than controlled release nitrogen before Pod-setting phase, but not significant; Along with the advancement of growth process, the effect of controlled release nitrogen gradually was embodied; The biomass after Pod-setting phase: controlled release nitrogen treatment> mixed nitrogen treatment> common nitrogen treatment;Controlled release nitrogen treatment was more than the average nitrogen treatment 15.4%, mixed nitrogen treatment was more than the average nitrogen treatment 12.5%. Application of controlled release nitrogen can obviously improve the yield of peanut pods, compared with common nitrogen treatment of Nongda056, the yield of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 5.54%, the yield of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by 10.1%; compared with common nitrogen treatment of Fenghua1, the yield of controlled release nitrogen treatment increased by 5.54%, the yield of mixed nitrogen treatment increased by 6.27%.Application of controlled release nitrogen still could increase 100-pod weight of Nongda056。Comprehensive growth dynamic and yield performance,in the production practice with mixed nitrogen is best5 Effect of postponing fertilizer efficiency preventing aging and increasing production in Peanuts differences between varietiesThrough comparing with Nongda056 and Fenghua1 founding, the application of controlled release nitrogen to Nongda056 obviously higher than Fenghua1, Mainly displays in the application of controlled release nitrogen to Nongda056,the advantage about LAI, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate could reflect out in Pod-setting phase,ΦPSⅡwas high in Pod-maturing phase; the application of controlled release nitrogen to Fenghua1, the advantage could reflect out in Pod-maturing phase, andΦPSⅡwas not significant comparing with blank treatment. The reason may relate to varieties of characteristics, controlled release nitrogen was more influence in cultivars of library strong, the effect of increasing production was more obvious.
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