K ~+ Uptake Kinetics Of Grape Rootstock And Potassium Supplying Capability Of Different Soils Types

Potassium is one of the key nutrition elements of Plant growth. Grape is one of important crash-crops in our country. There is great influence to grape yields and fiber traits under K deficiency. However, K resources are very shortage in China. It is one of a way to resolve there problems to screen high K-efficiency genotypes.This study used different types of rootstocks, Cabernet Sauvignon(CS)grafted on Beta,101-14M,SO4,5BB, Chardonnay grafted(SO4,5BB)grape discussed the mechanism of different types of grape varieties adapt to low potassium soil,studied grape growth status, nutritional status and root morphlolgical and physiological characteristics, revealed the mechanism of potassium nutrition efficiency difference of different grape varieties,provided a the oretical basis to select appropriate grape varieties and achieve high yield based on soil nutrition status. The main results were as follows:1.The kinetic parameters of potassium efficiency genetype represented higher Imax ,higher Km and lower Cmin. The sequences of the different absorption efficiency are140Ru>Beta>101-14M>3309C>5BB>110R>SO4.The kinetic parameters can be used as the token of potassium-efficient genotype.2.K concntration and accumulation of Cabernet Sauvignon had differences between varieties on rootstocks. K concntration and accumulation of CS/Beta,CS/101-14M was higher than CS/5BB,CS/SO4.The sequences of the different total K content are CS/Beta>CS/101-14M>CS/5BB>CS/SO4.2.The soil K supplying capability and K fixation characteristics of 7 representative plow layer soil samples from the major vineyard of Shandong Province was studied. The results show that the sequences of the different forms potassium content are total K≈mineral K>slow available K>available K. The available K(including water soluble K,non-specifically adsorbed K,specifically adsorbed K) is the absorbed section, the differences are obvious among vineyards. The content of available K in clay Pingyi sample was in highest level, then Yiyuan vert soil, Penglai flavor-aquic soil, Jining Shajiang black soil and Jinan brown soil in medium level, Juxian brown soil and Feicheng loess soil in low level, while there show that short-term supplying capability of potassium was lower. Juxian browm soil had the highest content of the slow available K while there was no obvious difference in other soils.3.The sequences of K fixation capacity are Juxian browm soil>Jining Shajiang black soil>Feicheng loess soil > Jinan brown soil > Pingyi clay soil Yiyuan vert soil > Penglai flavor-aquic soil. In general, the value of available potassium content in the tested soil behaved a high level except that of in Juxian, so the quantity of potassium fertilization should be controlled.4.K contents in different Grape plant parts were as follows: root>blade>petiole.K was mainly distributed in fractions of soluble component,cell wall and chloroplast(or plastid in root) and less distributed in fractions of nueleolus,mitochondrion and ribosome.In four important organelles (plastid(or chloroplast ),nueleolus,mitoehondrion and ribosome)of the root and blade cells, K distribution rates were increased with increasing of K treated concentrations. In the petioles,K distribution rates were inereased with K. In root,K distribution rates in soluble component of Chardonnay /SO4 was higher than inChardonnay /5BB.5. There are obversely antangonistic effeets between K and Ca. The experiment results showed ,the level of potassium in a plant tissue is positively determined by the concentration of Ca.