| This study observed effects of three kind of culture which are open field culture(L), forcing culture (C) and shade culture which shade after the remove of forcing culture film (Z) (shade rate 60%),on the differentiation of flower bud process and the double pistil rate the following year,meanwhile, ensure the effect of sweet cherries bud form in high temperature sensitive period.And compare the influence among the three culture meathods for sweet cherries physiological of leaves and tree nutrient status.The results were as follows:1. The sensitive period of sweet cherry flower bud differentiation in summer is Sepal primordia and Petal primordia.In high temperature treatments,double pistil in the following year is higher than other proceduces,just for Sepal primordia and Petal primordia,double pistil rate can reach 26.6%.Besides,each double pistil rate by high temperature treatment is higher than the control rate (forcing culture).2. It take longer time to endodormancy release for open field culture sweet cherries than forcing culture ones;and need 4 more days between the period from germination to the flower bud burst forth.Rapid development of pollen impacts it's fertility,it may be a reason to explain the difficulty of pollination and impregnation for sweet cherry culture in forcing house.Temperature in forcing house fluctuate more lightly than ones culture in the open.Forcing culture make sweet cherries flower bud differentiation ahead of time obviously. June 10th,all open field culture come to bract primordia,forcing culture buds have 77.8% in flower primordia.As all forcing culture buds in or finish Pistil primordia.However,open field culture,there still both have 15.6% in Petal and Stamen primordia.Compare to forcing cul- ture,shade culture can slow bud differentiation process.But the affect is limited.This shows flower bud differentiation period and process related to temperature.Furthermore. no matter which kinds of culture mode is,flower bud differentiation shows each stage in slow - fast - slower rule.Open field culture process generate the double pistil rate is16.07%,which is significantly above forcing culture and shade culture;shade culture process generate the double pistil rate is 3.29%,which is significantly below open field culture and forcing culture .3. Forcing culture of sweet cherries MDA content is 70.52μmol. g-1FW,relative electric conductivity is 23.40%,which is significantly higher than open field culture and shade culture. Protective enzyme SOD, CAT,POD and APX activity is equal to shade culture,but lower than open field culture,and aging rate is the highest. Shade culture can slow down the aging rate after cultivation; MDA content and relative conductivity are significantly lower than the other two planting modes,respectively 34.65μmol.g-1FW and 20.27%,the content of Chla and Chlb is significantly higher than open field culture and forcing culture.Chla/b has no significant differences in open field culture,forcing culture and shade culture.4. Three culture mode of annual short shoot and perennial branch content of soluble sugar size in order is: Z> C > L.Soluble sugar of annual long branches to forcing culture is significantly higher than the other two processing.Biennial branches content of soluble sugar of open field culture is significantly below forcing culture and shade culture.Three culture mode of annual short shoot starch content size orderis Z > C > L.Starch content of Annual long branches and biennial branches of forcing culture are significantly lower than the other two processing.Perennial branch has no significant difference in open field culture,forcing culture and shade culture.
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