Studies On The Arthropod Communities And Control Technology Of The Main Pests In Peach Orchard

The investigation of insect community was conducted from 2008 to 2010 in the peach orchards of Licheng District in Jinan, Shandong province. The predacious function of major natural enemies to Myzus persicae and Hyalopterus amygdali and the effect of the pesticides used in peach orchard on the major natural enemies were studied in Laboratory.The main conclusions are as follows:1. The insect species were examined in the peach orchards. From 2008 to 2009, there were sixty-three species in the peach orchards, which included thirty species of insect pests and thirty-three species of natural enemies. The phyllophagous insects were dominant in the insect community, and the other phytophagous insects were rare.2.The species composition in the insect community and the relative abundance of each group were studied in the peach orchards. The insect pests such as Erythroneura sudra, Lyonetia clerkella, Hyalopterus amygdali, Myzus persicae, Tetranychus viennensis and Didesmococcus koreanus were main species. The main natural enemies were Ladybird beetles, lacewings and spiders.3.The population dynamics of the major insect pests, such as Hyalopterus amygdali, Myzus persicae and Didesmococcus koreanus, and their natural enemies were investigated.4.The numerical characteristics of insect community in the peach orchards, such as ecological dominance, species richness, community diversity and evenness were analysiszed. The structure characteristics of the insect community in the peach orchards were as follows: (1) the ecological dominance of insect community maintained higher level on the whole. (2) the dominants of phytophagous insects were highest. (3) the community diversity and evenness were lower generally in most part of the growing season. These characteristics indicated that the insect community structure was unstable and unreasonable in the peach orchards. The main factors influencing community diversity were vegetation community around the peach orchard, behavior of insect pests, application of insecticides and climatic condition.5. Studied on the predatory functional responses and searching efficiency of major natural enemies (Harmonia axyridis, Coccinella septempunctata,Chrysopa septem punctata) to the Hyalopterus amygdali and Myzus persicae showed that these natural enemies had high efficiency to control aphids. 6. The effect of the pesticides used in the peach orchard on the major natural enemies was studied. As a result, the insect growth regulators were secure for Ladybird beetles and lacewings, but the other pestisides such as organophosphorous and synthetic pyrethroids had high toxicity to them.7. The efficient and friendly pesticides of major pest the peach orchard in were studied.8. The primary strategy and measure of the natural enemies conservation were discussed in the peach orchards.