Analysis Of Type Traits Of Holstein Cattle In Hebei Province

The 9-point data, fixed effects were analysised by SPSS16.0 and parameter estimation of linear type traits by MTDFREML to Holstein cattle in Hebei province in this study. The aim was to provide reference data for Holstein improvement.The six different methods (The interval of standard.deviation frequency test, Skewness-test, Skewness-test, Normal of Q-Q plot, Normal of P-P plot, Histogram test) were used to have a normal analysis on the data based on the linear type traits of 9-point of 1151 Chinese Holstein cows from three dairy farms in Hebei province. The results showed that traits of stature, chest width, rear leg side view obey normal distribution, while front-end, body size, rump angle not.The fixed effects on linear type traits were studied. The result showed that different farms and parities played a leading role on fixed effects, however the effect of the two interaction was neglected.The focus of this study was on basic and genetic parameter of linear type traits of Holstein cattle, the main conclusions were as follows:Cows in the third grade good plus account for 63.1% in type final score. No outstanding level cows and no bad grade cows. The average scores of 23 linear type traits ranged from 2.16±1.00 (fore teat length) to 8.24±1.45 (body size). Traits which got the average scores more than 7 are body size (8.24±1.45), fore udder attachment (7.64±1.43), rear udder height (7.23±1.55), less than 4 are udder depth (3.80±1.64), fore teat placement (3.68±1.46), fore teat length (2.16±1.00), rear udder width (3.99±1.13); over optimal points were only rear legs side view (6.84±1.72) and rear teat placement (6.91±1.78). The coefficient of variation of 23 linear type traits ranged from 0.09 (front end) to 0.46 (fore teat length), of type final score was 0.03. Heritability of linear type traits ranged from 0.07 (bone quality) to 0.61(rump angle). Heritability for type final score was 0.49, belonging to a high degree. Genetic correlation between structural capacity ranged from 0.34 (chest width and stature) to 0.69 (strength and chest width). Genetic correlation between rump angle and rump width was 0.22; between heel depth and heel angle was 0.89; between udder traits ranged from 0.11 (rear udder height and fore teat placement) to 0.97 (fore teat placement and rear teat placement). Phenotypic correlation / Genetic correlation between 23 linear type traits and type final score ranged from 0.23 (fore teat length) to 0.54 (angularity) / 0.24 (rear udder height) to 0.76 (chest width).