Primary Research On Reproductive Ecology Of Armeniaca Vulgaris Lam.

The objective of this research was to reveal the characters of reproductive ecology of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. including bloosom phenophase, breeding system, reproductive partition and setting fruit, on the basis of wild apricot from wild fruit forest resources in Xinyuan County,Ili, Xinjiang. The characters of reproductive ecology of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. were firstly revealed. The main conclusion were drawn as follows:(1) The florescence of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. appeared in April, its single anthesis lasts for 6-7 days. The single anthesis can be divided into seven periods by its shape and scattering pollen time:budding early stage, full flower bud stage, un-scattering pollen stage, scattiring pollen stage, scattering pollen full stage, scattering initial pollen final stage, withering stage. The insects visiting flowers were mainly bee and fly, and only a few of butterfly.(2) Pollen viability of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. could be kept for 40 to 50 days under normal atmospheric temperature preservation. The pollen viability could be kept for 90～105 days at chilling temperature (4℃) preservation. The pollen shape characteristics of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. is superlong sphere, whose shape was the long oval from the equatorial face observation, and trilobation round shape from the polar face observation with three germination apertures. The external wall line decoration of pollen is atriped spape, between which there are punchings.(3) The stigmas of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. were at the highest receptivity about 4 hours after flowering. The pollination were conducted within 9 hours after blooming. Its setting fruit percentage was over 40%. Its setting fruit percentage were decreased when pollination was conducted after flowering for 9 hours. When the pollen of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. was at the highest viabitity, the stigmas were at the highest receptivity.(4) The breeding system of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. is mixed-mating system, the main breeding system is outcrossing, a part of them is self-bred, which need to be pollinated.(5) The proportion of reproductive organs occupied 43.42% among the allocation of all the growth quantity. The higher reproductive organs allocation can promote its seeds quality and seedling ability, which favors the generation refreshing and thus results to a low risk of population extinction.(6) The fresh weight per fruit of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. was 12.07±3.44 g, its water content is 69.45±4.89%, its longitude diameter is 2.89±0.38 cm; the fresh weight of seed with endocarp is 1.73±0.43 g whose water content is 26.89±3.77%; the fresh weight of seed without endocarp is 0.62±0.11 g, its water content is 31.22±7.91%.(7) The pollination of the insects were affected by low temperature of rain and snow climate at the flowering stage and the apricot flower and young fruit suffer from freezing damage, during such climate there are high female abortive percentage, the damage by disease and insects were serious, human and animal activity which influences living environment and natural afforestation of Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. are also the main reason of imminent damage.