| Water conservation forest plays an important role in improving ecological environment, especially in Soil and water conservation, flood control and storage, water purification, etc. now, much attention are being paid more and more to the water conservation forest.Moso bamboo is a unique and most important economic bamboo in our country. Moso bamboo is characterized by Canopy layer, a thick litter layer and the network of intertwined roots, and loose porous soil, which made it become the good water conservation plant. This paper makes research on the function of water conservation forest by taking the Moso bamboo in Huitong county of Hunan province as an example. The result shows that:Firstly, there is a distinctive difference in Non-capillary porosity in different forest soils of Huitong County. Chinese fir forest mixed with Moso bamboo has the biggest difference followed by Moso bamboo forest and Chinese fir forest. Because Moso bamboo has the strongest rhizome and root penetration ability which can intersperse soil at different depths, maze in a crisscross pattern of the root network, and promote a variety of soil pores. In the other hand, Chinese fir forest mixed with Moso bamboo can greatly improve soil structure, loose soil and increase soil porosity. It also has the strongest water conservation ability in different forest soil which is a large 81.08% respectively over the fir,11.81% than the bamboo forest. Tree height and D.B.H as well as the depth of soil have a significantly impact differences in Non-capillary porosity, all of which has reached to 0.01.Secondly, the part of ground biomass of each Moso bamboo organ is in the order of Stem> branch> leaf. The distribution of biomass in four age classes is:3 age classes>4 age classes>2 age classes>1 age classes. Bamboo in 3 age classes has the highest biomass per each which has reached to 41.599 Kg. The total and bamboo stem biomass are in a rising trend in accordance with the Increasing age, however, the biomass of branches, leaves, roots are in an opposite trend. It is obviously that the biomass of stem is the major constituter of biomass in each age classes.Thirdly, the biomass correlation of each factor in Moso bamboo shows that the D.B.H and height has a significant correlation with the weight of stem, branch, root and total biomass, a poor correlation with bamboo leaf and branch. Because there is a little leaves in the one year old bamboo which has a high water conservation rate and the 3,4 years old bamboo has lots of leaves which has a significant correlation with age and under crown height. Each organ biomass of Moso bamboo can be fitted by the following four models①W=a×Db×Hc②W=a×(D2H)b③W=a+bD+cH④W=a(D+1)bHc which concluded that model No one, three and four can fit the relations of D.B.H, bamboo height with the weight of stem, root and the total dry weight and the correlative indexes of the fitted equation have reached a significant level, however, the correlative indexes of 4 models fitted with the weight of leaf and branch is coefficient which indicates that the fitted equation cannot be fitted with leaf biomass and the model 1 should be chosen to fit with root.Finally, establish the relational model of non-capillary porosity and root biomass. Thy correlative index of Linear equation F=-0.007+ 0.035×W, Quadratic equation F=0.106-0.076×W+0.022×W2, Composite curve model F= 0.028×1.488W, Power curve model F=0.040×W0.814, Growth curve F=e(-3.568+0.397/W) and Exponential model F=0.028×e0.397W reached to 0.8 which indicates a high precision. Combined with the previous root biomass model, it can calculate the Non-capillary porosity, further more, also the water conservation ability of each bamboo or Stand under the premise of which be measured the average D.B.H and tree height. Thus, the water conservation ability of Moso bamboo can be calculated by the model once the D.B.H and tree height be given.Bamboo root distributes vertical and horizontal in the soil which increases the capillary porosity of forest soil directly from one hand and content of soil organic because of the root metabolic activity on the other hand which is more conducive for soil structure to subtle water. So the root biomass is very important for soil water conservation function which makes it as the consideration parameters that the root is rich or not.
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