The Occurrence And Biological Control Of Monochamus Alternatus Hope And Arhopalus Rusticus Linnaeus In Chengshan Forest Farm

Monochamus alternatus Hope and Arhopalus rusticus Linnaeus are two of important boring beetles of pine, which are the media of the pine wood nematode and others. We investigate the occurrence of adults of Monochamus alternatus and Arhopalus rusticus by using emergence cages, traps with attractant and induced wood in the black pine Pinus thunbergii Parl. The distribution of larva and its penetrated hole of Arhopalus rusticus by dissecting the stem of snags of Pinus thunbergii were studied. The effect of controlling M. alternatus larva using the adult of Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire were studied indoor and in the field. We investigate effect of controling the larva of M. alternatus by using Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu and Bethylidae of specific parasitism to M. alternatus indoor. Results are as follows.1 The occurrence of adult Monochamus alternatusThe emergence of adult Monochamus alternatus by using emergence cage was investigated. The emergence of adult started from June 18 to July 21. The emergence of female and male was similar and had 2 peak. The age of tree of Pinus thunbergii didn't have obvious effect on the sex ratio of it. Different time periods had effect on the sex ratio of M. alternatus to some extent. With the pine tree age increasing during from 20 to 45, the number of emergence of them first increased and then decreased. With the increasing of in the number of nidi, the number of emergence of adults was gradually increasing.The rule of fling of adult M. alternatusby was investigatd by using trap. We Trapped them from June 18 to August 6. A-3 attractant had more capable attraction to females, while M-99 had more capable attraction to males. The sex ratio of A-3 was significantly different with M-99.The rule of oviposition of M. alternatus was investigaed by luring wood. Adult bited nidi from early of July to end of June. The order of the number of nidi was CK> A-3> M-99. The number of the average nidi on wood with different attractant was not of significant difference, and its peak was in late July and early August. There were more nidi on the base (0-50cm) and upper (151-200cm) of the trunk of tree. 2 The control of M. alternatus larvaThrough investigation fresh feces hole,we calculated the effect of control of M. alternatus by using adult Dastarcus helophoroides. Indoors with the proportion of D. s and M. alternatus increasing, the correcting rate of insect recession first increased and then decreased. When the ratio was 10:1, the correction rate was high to 75.37%. In the forest, with the proportion increasing, the correction rate was gradually increasing. When the ratio was 15:1, the correction rate was as high as 53.45%.3 The occurrence of Arhopalus rusticusThe emergence rule of Arhopalus rusticus was investigated byusing emergence cage. Adult A. rusticus emerged from June 10 to October 14, and mainly in June and July. The number of male and female trapped had broadly consistent variation.In the field, we investigated the vertical distribution of larvae and invading holes under the bark of snags of Pinus thunbergii. In the trunk, along with the height from the ground increaseing, the number of larvae and invading holes gradually reduced. The numbers in different heights were significantly different.4 The biological control of larva Arhopalus rusticusUsing Scleroderma guani and bethylidae of specific parasitism to M. alternatus indoor respectively controlled A. rusticus. With the ratio of Scleroderma guani and A. rusticus increasing, the corrected mortality and the paralysis rate first increased and then decreased. When the ratioes were 3:1 and 5:1, the corrected mortality were the same, 60.00%. When the ratio was 5:1, the paralysis rate was 41.67%,which was the maximum. With the ratio increasing, the parasitic rate first decreased and then increased. When the ratio was 1:1, the parasitic rate was the highest for 11.67%.When the ratio of bethylidae of specific parasitism to M. alternatus and A. rusticus was 1:1, the corrected mortality of larvae A. rusticus were 43.33%, Those of the remain ratio were the same to 60.00%. With the ratio increasing, the paralysis rate first increased and then decreased. When the ratio was 5:1, the paralysis was 61.67% to the best. With the ratio increasing, the parasitic rate decreased. When the ratio was 1:1, the parasite was 48.33% to the best.