Genetic Polymorphism Of Transformation Growth Factor β₁ And Correlation Study On Antler Trait In Sika Deer

Objective: in order to determine whether the TGF-β1 gene is the major factor which effects on the growth of antler in sika deer(cervus nippon) or not. Methods: 333 sika deers from Xing Kaihu,Wu Da Lian Chi,Yin Lang were used in this experiment. PCR-SSCP and cloning and sequencing method were applied to identify the polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene.And the association analysis between TGF-β1 gene and antler yield was detected. The association analysis between TGF-β1 gene and main antler circumference was detected too. Result: The results revealed as followes:1 The length of TGF-β1 gene is 839bp, and located between seventh and eighth exon. Comparison the fragment sequence with that of cattle(Bos taurus) and sheep(O aries) , TGF-β1 gene was carried out through blast GeneBank, the result showed that the homologies of the nucleotide sequence was 92% with cattle and 94% with sheep.2 A mutation site was found in TGF-β1 gene, called G371T for short,. The G371T site forming three kinds of genotypes: AA,AB and BB in all the three areas. Theχ2 adaptability analysis showed that the mutation site of TGF-β1 gene in all the three areas are in equilibrium state of Hardy– Weinbern.3 The result of association analysis between genotypes and the antler yield showd that the antler yield produced by sikas with genotype AA was higher than that of BB significantly in Xing Kaihu (P<0.05), The differences among genotype AB,AA and BB were not significant(P>0.05); The genotype frequency of AA was higher than that of AB and BB significantly in Wu Da Lian Chi (P<0.05), The difference between AB and BB was not significant(P>0.05); The number of sikas with genotype BB was remarkable more than AA in Yin Lang (P<0.05), The differences among genotype AB,AA and BB were not significant(P>0.05); .The sikas with genotype AA in Xing Kaihu had the maximum antler yield.4 The results of association analysis between TGF-β1 gene and main antler circumference showed that the sikas with genotype AA had longer main antler circumference than that of AB and BB in Xing Kaihu (P<0.05), the difference between AB and BB was not significant(P>0.05); the genotype frequency of AA was higher than that of AB and BB in Wu Da Lian Chi significantly(P<0.05), and the difference between genotype AB and BB was not significan(tP>0.05); the genotype frequency of BB was higher than that of AA and AB in Yin Lang significantly(P<0.05), the difference between AB and AA was not significant(P>0.05). The sikas with genotype AA had the longest main antler circumference in Wu Da Lian Chi .