| In this study,mass spectrometry SNP typing technology was used to detect candidate mutation sites of sika deer’s velvet traits,and correlation analysis was performed.Excavating effective molecular markers related to the production of sika deer antler provides scientific basis for the early selection of sika deer.The research results are as follows:1.In this study,two groups of sika deer in Siping and Dongda were used as research objects to analyze the perforance of velvet.The results showed that the average yield of fresh velvet from 1 to 9saw three twigs of Siping sika deer group was 3.79±1.28 kg,three twigs the highest average yield of fresh velvet is was 5.11±2.27 kg;the weight of fresh velvet from 1 to 7 saw three branches is positively correlated with age,the linear equation is y=0.72x+0.36(n=105,R~2=0.96,P<0.01);The age of Jiasheng velvet is 4～9 saws,and the best age of velvet is 7 saws.The average yield of fresh velvet from 1～7 saw three branches of Dongda sika deer group is 4.84±1.4 kg,the highest average yield of fresh velvet from three branches is 6.12±2.19 kg;the weight of fresh velvet from 1～6 saw three branches is positively correlated with age,linear equation It is y=0.77x+1.95(n=70,R~2=0.99,P<0.01);the optimal vegetative age range is 2～7 saws,and the optimal vegetative age is 6 saws.2.There are 94 SNP sites in Siping and Dongda Sika Deer.Using mass spectrometry SNP typing technology,94 candidate SNP sites that were significantly related to velvet traits were typed.And the results showed that:71 SNP loci were typed.Successful,of which 66 loci are polymorphic.Using 66SNP loci to evaluate the genetic diversity of the sika deer population,the results show that there are 38low polymorphic loci and 28 moderate polymorphic loci Points,no highly polymorphic loci,the average polymorphic information content(PIC)is 0.22;the average observed heterozygosity(Ho)is0.26,the expected average heterozygosity(He)is 0.27;the number of effective alleles(Ne)The average value is 1.8,which is close to the actual number of alleles detected 2.The above indicators indicate that the selected sika deer population has low genetic diversity.3.The general linear model was used to analyze the correlation between SNP sites and velvet antler production traits.The results showed that 7 out of 66 SNP sites were significantly related to velvet traits(P<0.05),and the site SNP1427＿255498(C>G),SNP324＿2119243(C>T),SNP307＿1564879(C>T),SNP123＿784899(C>T),SNP219＿9123735(C>T),SNP2027＿42481(A>G),SNP614＿2586055(A>G)in terms of production performance The dominant genotypes are CC,CC,CC,TT,TT,GG,AA.Analysis of the location of 7 significant SNP sites and the function of adjacent genes revealed that the site SNP1427＿255498 was located in the upstream region of BSPRY gene,and the remaining 6 sites were located in the intron region.Further analysis revealed that BSPRY gene may be involved in regulating osteoblast production and cartilage calcification.4.Using the method of SNPs locus genotype combination,the genotypes of three loci(SNP307＿1564879,SNP614＿2586055,SNP2027＿42481)were combined,and the variance of the average velvet production of individuals with different genotype combinations was analyzed.It was find the average velvet production of individuals with GGAACC genotype combination was 4.91±2.13 kg,which was significantly higher than that of individuals with other genotype combinations(P<0.05).This indicates that in selected sika deer population,GGAACC is the dominant genotype combination in terms of velvet performance.5.To further determine whether the GGAACC genotype combination can be used as an effective molecular marker for selecting high-yield sika deer individuals,blood samples of 100 male sika deer were randomly collected from different deer farms.The mass spectrometry SNP typing technology was used detect the three sites(SNP2027＿42481,SNP614＿2586055,SNP307＿1564879)of 100 sika deer,and the variance analysis of the average velvet production of individuals with different genotype combinations was conducte.The results showed that the average velvet production of individuals with GGAACC genotype combination was 6.51±1.42 kg,which was significantly higher than that of individuals with other genotype combinations(P<0.05).In summary,the GGAACC genotype combination can be used as a molecular marker for selecting high-yield sika deer in the future. |
