Northeast Red Deer STAT1 Gene Clone And Its Expression Analysis In The Antler With Immunohistochemistry

Objective:To study the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription1 on velvet antler growth. Method:Antler tips were collected from northeast wapiti deers with 90-day growing antlers, Using the PCR technology isolated from velvet antler organization and cloned STAT1 genes. and the samples were dissected into three zones, including epidermis/dermis, mesenchyme and precartilage. Locations of STAT1 expressions in the three zones of antler were determined by immunohistochemical methods while quantitative analysis of STAT1 expression. Result:The results demonstrated that the expression of STAT1 was discovered in inner root sheath of hair follicle, hair matrix of dermal layer, and vascular smooth muscle of arteries while weak expression of it was found epithelial cells in the basal cells between the papillary dermis and basal layers. There is no detectable high expression in veins, nerve,or other subsidiary organs. The expression in velvet antler significantly higher amount of mesenchymal cells layer and cartilage cells layer. Higher expression level of STAT1 was observed in dermal layer than that in mesenchymal cells layer, precartilage cells layer. Conclusion:The results suggested that the STAT1 gene participated in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in dermal layer during the rapid growth of the antlers, and STAT1 may promote the differentiation of osteoblast into bone cells in cartilage cells layer.