Simulation Of Nitrogen And Sulphur Deposition On Dunnii Young Growth Effect Of Soil And Humus Composition

With the rapid economic development,southern China has become the third largest acid rain in Europe and America after the settlement area. The past 20 years, the development of China's rapid economic development, but due to the burning of fossil fuels caused by sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions on the environment caused a large number of serious pollution, acid rain is one of its major disasters, and the development of increasingly serious. According to the observational data in recent years show that, Fujian widespread and worsening acid rain, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Sanming, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Longyan six cities were listed as a national acid rain control zone, the area of about 78 943.42 km², accounting for the province 65% of the area. Acid rain is the most compelling human face environmental problems, acid rain can damage plant leaves, direct damage to plants can also cause soil acidification, soil base caused by the loss and some toxic elements (aluminum, manganese, etc.) the release and activation of damage plant roots, indirectly harm plants. Acid rain on plants of the direct damage and indirect damage will result in removal of reactive oxygen species production and loss of balance, resulting in reactive oxygen toxicity on cells, in particular, cause membrane lipid peroxidation.Dunnii (EuCahetus Dunnii Maiden), the classification of the genus Eucalyptus is a dual-capsule cover (subgenussymphyomyrtus), blue gum group (section Maidenaria) Department of Eucalyptus viminalis (series Viminales), morphological characteristics and Meranti, similar to Eucalyptus grandis, Dunnii mainly use is papermaking. Dunnii fast-growing and strong with good cold tolerance. Currently about atmospheric settlement material (nitrogen, and sulfur) entered volume on broad-leaved forest and woodland soil structure of effect and the feedback also little report, Dunnii as Fujian area main of industrial raw materials forest species, stated acid settlement and Dunnii young forest soil fertility Zhijian of feedback and negative feedback mechanism, for acid settlement on forest ecological system of effect provides theory foundation, also for forest can continued operating provides theoretical basis.The experiment is design of binary quadratic regression using simulations of nitrogen and sulfur deposition test,plus a blank processing, set the area of 20 m×20 m plots 17 ,we sprayed urea (CO (NH₂)₂, nitrogen content was 46%) as additional nitrogen source, sulfur source used (Na₂SO₄, AR) every month, different treatment combinations of spraying urea and sodium sulfate for one year. Through field simulation of nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition, research Dunnii young forest soil enzymes, aggregate structure and composition on the simulation of humus nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition on and establish appropriate response model, through the analysis of response model, draw the following results.1 Dunnii young forest soil enzymes to simulated nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition onDunnii young forest soil invertase,urease,phosphatase,catalase to simulated nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition on the same trend. One year after the simulated acid deposition, compared with the control, 9 activity of soil enzymes in N, S, is lower than the control treatment of enzyme activity in soil, each process is expressed as the upper soil enzyme activity of enzyme activity in soil is greater than the lower.In addition to catalase analysis of variance was not significant, the other three enzymes analysis of variance significantly, reached a significant level (p <0.05). For the lower soil invertase, the single factor effect analysis showed that the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the sulfur deposition and interaction as a positive interaction between nitrogen deposition. Two-factor interaction effect analysis shows that, when you fixed nitrogen, under low nitrogen deposition, sulphur deposition reduces lower Invertase activity in soil, under the high nitrogen deposition, effect instead. When sulfur is fixed, and low in sulfur deposition, nitrogen deposition can improve lower Invertase activity in soil, under the high sulfur deposition, effect instead, comply with the law of diminishing returns.For the lower urease, the single factor effect analysis showed that the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the sulfur and nitrogen deposition settlement interaction is positive interaction. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that when the sulfur is fixed, nitrogen and sulfur deposition in low-encoded value (-1.414, -1,0), N deposition reduced the lower the activity of soil urease, encoded values in the high N (1,1.414 ), the effect is opposite. When fixed nitrogen, nitrogen deposition in the low sulfur encoding value (-1.414, -1,0), lower sulfur deposition reduces the activity of soil urease, when high sulfur code value (0, 1, 1.414), the effect is opposite. For the upper soil phosphatase, the single factor effect analysis showed that nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the interaction is positive interaction between nitrogen deposition , sulfur phosphatase activity unchanged. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that when the sulfur is fixed, low-sulfur deposition, the nitrogen deposition first reduce and then increase the upper soil phosphatase activity, under the high sulfur deposition, nitrogen deposition reduces soil phosphatase activity. When nitrogen fixed, under the low nitrogen subsidence, sulfur subsidence increase upper layer of soil phosphatase activeness, under the high nitrogen subsidence, the effect is opposite.2 Dunnii young forest soil aggregate structure on the simulation of nitrogen and sulfur compound deposition onDunnii young forest soil aggregate structure on the simulation of nitrogen and sulfur deposition on the performance of the compound, 10 (9 treatment plus control) of nitrogen and sulfur in various grain size, variance analysis showed that only 1 among treatments -2mm grain size was significant, each treatment are small grain size (<0.25mm ,0.25-1mm) than the major share, about 80%. 1-2mm grain size for the soil, the single factor effect analysis showed that sulfur deposition on soil aggregate structure of the content was not influenced and nitrogen deposition on soil aggregate structure of the content showed a negative effect. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that, when the nitrogen fixation, the nitrogen content of soil aggregate structure under the settlement does not increase with changes in sulfur deposition, low content of nitrogen deposition on soil aggregate structure and large, high content of nitrogen deposition on soil aggregate structure is small. When sulfur is fixed, under the sulfur subsidence soil granular structure content gradually reduces identically along with the nitrogen subsidence code value increase changeDunnii young forest soil by the fractal dimension of soil analysis calculated the number of dimension in between 2.2527 2.5044, the dimension of soil analysis NO1 (2.5044)> NO3 (2.4851)> NO4 (2.4818)> NO2 ( 2.4675)> ck (2.4538)> NO5 (2.4125)> NO9 (2.3797)> NO8 (2.3665)> NO6 (2.3585)> NO7 (2.2527). Variance analysis showed that no significant difference among the treatments did not reach significant level.By dunnii young forest soil aggregate structure and Canonical Correlation Analysis of soil enzyme derived a model of 4 independent of each other that none of the correlation coefficient was significant, indicating that dunnii young forest soil aggregate structure on ex Eucalyptus young forest no effect on the soil content of soil enzymes.3 Dunnii young forest soil humus composition on the simulation of nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition onDunnii young forest soil humus content and the content on the analog components of nitrogen and sulfur compound deposition on the performance of the same trend year after simulated acid deposition, in addition to soil humic acid color coefficients, compared with the control treatment , 9 N, S and the processing components of the soil humus content, low levels were higher than control treatment. For the <0.25mm grain size of soil humus content, the variance analysis showed that <0.25mm grain size was significant. Single factor effect analysis showed that the sulfur deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the interaction is positive interaction between nitrogen deposition, nitrogen deposition is not under the soil humus content change. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that, when the nitrogen is fixed, the value of five coding levels of nitrogen deposition, sulfur deposition first reduce and then increase the soil (<0.25mm) humus content. When sulfur is fixed, low sulfur and high sulfur deposition settlement, the soil (<0.25mm) corresponding to the humus content, when the sulfur deposition is 0, the soil (<0.25mm) the lowest humus contentFor the humin soil, the variance analysis showed that all treatments have only 0.25-1mm grain size was significant. Single factor effect analysis showed that the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition for the positive interaction. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that, when the sulfur is fixed, nitrogen and sulfur deposition in low-encoded value (-1.414, -1,0), N deposition reduces soil humin lower content. when high nitrogen code value (0, 1, 1.414), the effect is opposite. When nitrogen fixed, nitrogen subsidence when low sulfur code value (- 1.414, - 1, 0), the sulfur subsidence reduces soil Hu Minsu the content, when high sulfur code value (0, 1, 1.414), the effect is opposite. For the fulvic acid soil, the variance analysis showed that the treatments only <0.25mm grain size was significant. Single factor effect analysis showed that the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition for the positive interaction. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that, when the sulfur is fixed, low-sulfur deposition, the nitrogen deposition can increase soil fulvic acid content, the sulfur deposition, the effect is opposite. When nitrogen is fixed, under low nitrogen deposition, sulfur deposition can increase soil fulvic acid content, the high nitrogen deposition, the effect is opposite.For the humic acid soil , the variance analysis showed that the treatments only <0.25mm grain size was significant. Single factor effect analysis showed that the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) for negative interactions, when the coded value of more than 0, the interaction between sulfur deposition and nitrogen deposition for the positive interaction . Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that, when the sulfur is fixed, nitrogen and sulfur deposition in low-encoded value (-1.414, -1,0), N deposition reduced the lower soil humic acid content, encoded in the high nitrogen values (0, 1,1.414), the effect is opposite.. When fixed nitrogen, nitrogen deposition in the low sulfur encoding value (-1.414, -1,0), sulfur deposition decreased soil humic acid content, encoded in the value of high-sulfur (0,1,1.414), the effect is opposite..Dunnii young forest coefficient of humic acid colors of simulated nitrogen, sulfur compound deposition on the performance of the ,1-2mm grain size coefficient of soil humic acid color NO5( 0.93 ) >CK (0.9)>NO6(0.85) >NO8(0.82) >NO2(0.81) > NO3(0.78) > NO9(0.75) >NO4(0.74)>NO1(0.67)>NO7(0.66). 0.25-1mm grain size coefficient of soil humic acid color NO5(0.95)>CK(0.85)>NO2(0.84)>NO6(0.81)>NO8(0.78) >NO3(0.76)> NO4(0.75) >NO7(0.745)>NO9(0.743) >NO1(0.74). <0.25mm grain size coefficient of soil humic acid color CK(0.8)> NO9(0.79)>NO2(0.78)>NO8(0.77)>NO4(0.75)>NO3(0.745)>NO5(0.74)>NO6(0.73)>NO1(0.71)>NO7(0.56).Variance analysis showed that the treatments only <0.25mm grain size was significant. For the <0.25mm grain size of soil, the single factor effect analysis showed that nitrogen deposition in the low encoding value (-1.414, -1,0) is a positive interaction, when the encoding value of more than 0, Nitrogen deposition interactions to negative interactions, sulphur deposition coefficient of soil humic acid tones unchanged. Two-factor interaction effects analysis showed that when the sulfur is fixed, the value of five coding levels of sulfur deposition, nitrogen deposition increased first increase and then reduce soil (<0.25mm) coefficient of humic acid tones. When nitrogen fixation, low nitrogen deposition of soil (< 0.25 mm) hu min acid colors factor relatively high, high nitrogen deposition of soil (< 0.25 mm) hu min acid colors factors are relatively low.