Study On Biology And Ecology Of Main Aphids On Peach And Apricot In Xinjiang

Aphids are influence the quality of xinjiang fruit output and one of the most important pests. This article studied biology, ecology of major aphids systematically on peach and apricot during 2008～2010 two years in xinjiang. The main conclusions are as follows:The paper studied chromosome of 5 species of aphids in XinJiang orchard. In these aphids, chromosome numbers ranged from 2n=6 to 2n=18. According to chromosome numbers, morphology and length, summarized 5 species of aphids chromosome analysis and karyotype analysis. The Hyalopterus amygdali eggs_are laid at the base of buds or in the cracks of the tree peel in winter, they hatch in the late March and occurrence wingless virginogeniae in the late April in Xin Jiang province. It has arising rush hour in the late May in both peach and apricot; After then into aphids with wings in the late May, Then migrate to summer host. In the early September, Winged aphids return migration to peach again and peach takes place sexual in the early October, then they lay eggs on the peach. The arising quantity will be different due to the different part of plants and season. In peach tree, the peach aphid arises excessively on southward in summer; while arises excessively in autumn. in apricot tree, it arises excessively on the northward. Hyalopterus amygdali have over wintering on peach. The occurrence on apricot is higher than peach, and they have fro relationship on the occurrence time. The spatial distribution of the Hyalopterus amygdali on apricot in the fields belongs to the aggregated pattern. The result shows that there are differences on Hyalopterus amygdali,Myzus persicae. And the amount of aphid preyed by Coccinella septempunctata,Adonia variegata increased with density getting higher, its functional response model belonged to the type of HollingⅡ. Their predatory function were restricted by their density, and the preying rate and natural enemy density were negative correlation. Intraspecific interference model belonged to the type of hasseⅡ. Based on the results of growth and reproduction of Hyalopterus amygdali,Myzus persicae life tables of laboratory population of at five constant temperatures were constructed, and the life table parameters were analyzed at the same time. The results showed that the developmental rate increased with the increase of temperature from 18℃to 30℃; Parameters of Hyalopterus amygdali,Myzus persicae, such as innate capacity (rm), net reproduction rate (Ro), finite rate were increased from 18℃to 24℃, and presented a maximum value at 24℃. The developmental period of Myzus persicae longer than Hyalopterus amygdali.