Study On The Speices Biodiversity Of Plantation Communities And Soil Microbial Functional Diversity In Primary Korean Pine Forest

Study on the natural forest community of species diversity and soil microbial diversity seems particularly necessary with the decrease of natural forests. This study selected three kinds of original korean pine forests which containing korean spruce-korean pine forest(HY), oak-korean pine forest(HZ) and linden-korean pine forest(HD)in Liangshui Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang province, in addition to two kinds of pure forest that were birch pure forest(BH) and larch pure forest(LY). The vegetation diversity, soil microbial functional diversity,vertical distribution of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen as well as seanonal dynamics of the above five forest types were carried out a systemic study. The results showed as follows:1. Vegetation community structure features survey were conducted to identificate 39 species of Vasculat Plant through analying communityspecies composition which belonging to 32 genera of 22 families. There were 36 species plant under korean spruce-korean pine plantation, belonging to 32 genera of 22 families; 27 species plant under oak-korean pine plantation, belonging to 24 genera of 22 families; 26 species plant under linden-korean pine plantation, belonging to 21 genera of 18 families; 31 species plant under larch pure plantation, belonging to 27 genera of 22 families; 31 species plant under birch pure plantation, belonging to 28 genera of 20 families.2. The community species structure was analyedto find that Korean spruce-korean pine community and larch pure community are stable structure. oak-korean pine community is ageing structure. linden-korean pine community and birch pure community are growth-oriented structure.3. The community species diversity indexes of different forest types were analyed to know that species-rich communities index S trend basically the same,that is, herb layer>shrub layer>tree layer, index S of tree layer:BH>LY>HZ>HD>HY, index S of shrub layer draws near, index S of herb layer:HY>BH>LY>HZ>HD; SW diversity index of the trend, that is, herb layer>shrub layer>tree layer, index SP of tree layer:BH>LY>HZ>HD>HY, index SP of shrub layer:HD>HZ>HY>LY>BH; in the herb layer, index SP of Korean pine forests significantly higher than two forest plantation types, except the linden-korean pine forest; SW diversity index of the trend, shrub layer>herb layer>tree layer, index SW of shrub layer and herb layer, that is, three Korean pine forest types significantly higher than two forest plantation types, which is contrary to index SW of tree layer; Jsw evenness index of the trend, tree layer>shrub layer>herb layer, index Jsw of shrub layer and tree layer, that is, three Korean pine forest types significantly higher than two forest plantation types, index Jsw of herb layer draws near. 4. Soil microbial community functional diversity index showed that SP index:0cm>0-10cm>10-20cm; SP index of Ocm and 10cm, three Korean pine forest types significantly higher than two forest plantation types, but SP index of 20cm draws near; SW index, McIntosh index of Ocm and 10cm,that is, three Korean pine forest types significantly higher than two forest plantation types, SW index of 10-20cm show that:HZ>HD>LY>BH>HY, McIntosh index of 10-20cm, that is, HZ>HY>HD>LY>BH.5.Judging from the AWCD, the five types of forestry soil using of single carbon source, AWCD value reach to 1 above, has 17 carbon source matrix, which most, accounts for 7 kinds of carbohydrates. Principal component analysis shows that,5 types of forestry soil microbial metabolic matrix eigenvalues greater than 1, there are 4 principal composition of soil microbial carbon metabolism, most of the difference of structure of functional group mainly embodies in the first principal component load factors high substrate, especially Carbohydrates, carboxylic acids.6.Under the condition of different forest, MB,MBn changed with season dynamic significantly. The overall trend expression for, Spring>summer>autumn>winter; Vertical change trend similar of MBc,MBn, Performance for upper down significantly from degressive. Content of MBc, MBn, HZ,HY and HD significantly higher than LY and BH.7. Correlation between soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and soil enviomental fctors were analyed to show that the soil moisture content and MBc/MBn is a significant positive correlation(P<0.05), but Soil temperature and MBc/MBn were no significant correlation (P> 0.05).