Effects Of The Microsporogenesis And Development In Northern Japonica Rice Under Soda-Salinization Stress

Rice is the most important grain crops in our country, with the Cultivated Land Resources reducing day by day, how to Development and Utilization the large area of saline-alkali land in our country is one of the frist important problems for the largeness Agricultural scientific workers. There are large area of Soda saline-alkaline land in westen of JiLin Province, and in order to guarantee for the implementation of the plan of crops increase, the development of rice planting in Soda saline-alkaline land is becoming one of the most important JiLin's Agricultural Project. Although there were lots of excellent of achievements in a few years, there were a little on the aspects of cell biology. So we selected typical Soda saline-alkaline land in westen of JiLin Province for this experiment, see if for rice the rice beeding.This test choice typical mild and severe soda saline-alkali and choose alkali sex strong "Dongdao 4" and alkali sex weak "Jijing 88" as test materials japonica. The results of the study show that, by paraffin method observation rice pollen development process found, alkali resistance of rice varieties whole rice pollen development process by the influence to less than alkali sex weak of rice varieties; And after microspore mother cells meiosis, regardless of alkali sex strong " Dongdao 4" or alkali sex weak " Jijing 88" the implications are most; In pollen grains of rice maturity for scanning electron microscopy (sem), found that salinity-alkalinity stress after pollen grains of rice mature influence of the structure of the most primarily reflected in the germinal aperture the influence of cover and germination, alkali sex weak " Jijing 88" in severe salinity-alkalinity stress under cover and germination of germinal the rings of aperture all appear atrophy phenomenon, and alkali sex strong " Dongdao 4" is no apparent atrophy phenomenon; But look from pollen life force, using I-KI dyeing method determination result shows alkali sex strong " Dongdao 4" in under mild and severe salinity-alkalinity stress respectively pollen vigor 94.3% and 89.6%, and alkali al sexual weak " Jijing 88" pollen vigor 92.1% and 79.8% respectively, are below " Dongdao 4"; And the use of pollen germination energy " Dongdao 4"determination of pollen in mild and under heavy salinity-alkalinity stress, respectively, while total and "Jijing88" respectively 57.2% and 48.9%, although pollen vigor is below I-KI dyeing method determination result, but" Dongdao 4" pollen vigor still above " Jijing 88"Through the above-mentioned aspects of research results, preliminary think soda salinity-alkalinity stress condition for rice microspore occurrence and development is obvious, and the influence of different alkali sex of rice varieties have generized the phenomenon is a difference, alkali resistance of rice varieties were less influence than alkali sex weak of rice varieties, and can clear salinity-alkalinity stress on rice pollen development the main influence embodies in tapetum for rice, and the influence of mature pollen grain structure are mainly embodied in KongHuan germinal aperture cover and germination. Therefore, this results for rice in soda salinity-alkalinity stress next cell biology studies have provided new theoretical basis.