Studies On Safety Application Of Fungicides For Main Diseases Of Ginseng In Jilin Province

Jilin province is one of the most important main producing areas of ginseng. The yield of ginseng in Jilin province accounted for more than 80%, and the export amount accounted for about 70% of total exports in China. The yield of ginseng in Jilin province is more 3 times than Korean's, while the output value is less one fourth than Korean's. Besides export amount have declined since 2007, the export ginseng has been returned sometimes, the credit in international market was not good. The main reasons were that the residuel of the ginseng products produced in Jilin province was over standard. And the radical reason which leads to this phenomenon was that the fungicide application was unreasonable. So safety application of fungicides used for main diseases of ginseng in Jilin province are carried out to regulate the application of fungicides on ginseng, and lastly put out the standards of fungicide appliciation, to control the pollution of chemical fungicides in the producing process of ginseng, which has important significance to accelerate sustainable development process, to improve the quality and competitiveness of ginseng products from Jilin province in international market, to break international trade technical barriers for ginseng export in Jilin province. Research results as follows were obtained.1. Occurrence, damage and distribution of ginseng diseases in Jilin province were investigated comprehensively and thoroughly, and kinds and damage degree of ginseng diseases were cleared, which provided theoretical basis for safety application of fungicides and integrated pest management (IPM) of ginseng diseases. In addition, diseased samples were collected and isolated to get pathogens which had been inoculated on ginseng.2. According to interviewing basic agricultural technician, some staffs who worked for plant protection company and gingseng-planting farmers, situations of ginseng disease control, especially the situation of fungicide application including the kinds, methods, periods, dosage and times of fungicide application were investigated, and the informations as much as possible were gained, and cleared the present situation of fungicide application and disease control of ginseng, and laid a foundation for better controlling ginseng diseas.3. According to the occurrence situation of ginseng diseases and the situation of fungicide application, over fifty fungicides on seven pathogens of ginseng diseases(Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Cylindrocarpon destructans, Sclerotinia schinseng, Phytophthora cactorum, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria panax), were screened comprehensively and systematically, and toxicities indoor of fungicides were determined, it laid a foundation for the further field trials.4. A group of high control effect and low poison and low remnant fungicide were selected for control ginseng diseases through field trials, and the application period, method, concentration and ect. were determined, which offered kinds of fungicides that had better controlling effect, safety to surrounding environment, and no harmful to the yield and quality of ginseng, further perfected the chemical control technologies for ginseng diseases, offered the reasonable basis and theoretic instruction for the farmers who applied fungicides on ginseng, and laid a foundation for ensuring the the output and quality of ginseng fundamentally.5. According to characteristics of ginseng diseases occurrence and results of toxicity experiment indoor and field trials for the fungicides, procedures including appling technologies of fungicides were put forward for integrated ginseng disease management in Jilin province, and laid a foundation for fungicide application and increasing of control effect and level of ginseng diseases and draw up of standards of fungicide application and residue in Jilin province.